References: JFK Assassination Investigation

• Introduction
• Section A
• Section B
• Section C
• Section C 1
• Section C 2
• Section C 3
• Section C 4
• Section C 5a
• Section C 5b
• Section C 5c
• Section D 1
• Section D 2
• Section D 3
• Section D 4
• Section D 5

1. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., "A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House" (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1965), p. 116 (hereinafter "A Thousand Days").
2. "World Leaders Voice Sympathy and Shock--A Flame Went Out," The New York Times, Nov. 23, 1963, p. 8.
3. Nelson Lichtenstein, ed., Political Profiles: The Kennedy Years (New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976), p. xvi.
4. See generally, Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "History of Presidential Assassinations in the United States Preceding the Assassination of John F. Kennedy," JFK Project No. 7, July 5, 1978, prepared for the committee.
5. See Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "An Analysis of Congressional Investigations into the Lincoln Assassination," Nov. 16, 1978. The U.S. House of Representatives authorized two separate investigations into the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln. In the first, established by resolutions passed on Apr. 9 and Apr. 30, 1866, the House Judiciary Committee was directed to determine whether President Jefferson Davis and other officials of the former Confederate government had been involved in the conspiracy to assassinate Lincoln and other leading Federal officials, including Vice President Andrew Johnson, Secretary of State William Seward and General Ulysses S. Grant. The committee was asked to prove or disprove the involvement of Confederate officials and to report whether special legislation was needed to bring them to trial if they were conspirators. A special committee was formed, chaired by Representative James Wilson. Its most vigorous member, and the author of the final report, was Representative George S. Boutwell.

The second investigation was authorized by a resolution, passed July 8, 1867, that established a special House committee to make a comprehensive examination of the facts surrounding the assassination and report its findings and recommendations to the House. It was chaired by Representative Benjamin F. Butler.

The committees were established and largely controlled by radical Republicans who had grown increasingly alienated from President Andrew Johnson as a result of his lenient treatment of the defeated South. Republican antipathy culminated in the impeachment trial of President Johnson.

The Boutwell committee reported that Confederate President Jefferson Davis probably took steps to implement proposals to assassinate the President. Boutwell could make no stronger statement against Davis given the lack of substantive evidence tying him to an assassination conspiracy. A hoax perpetrated by a key witness had deprived the committee's majority of its case against Davis, and it was unable to set forth a convincing case against him. Representative Andrew Rogers filed a strongly worded minority report that took issue with the majority conclusion, denouncing the indictment of Davis and other Confederate official as co-conspirators with Booth.

The Butler committee, in particular the outgrowth of radical Republican reaction to President Johnson's policy of leniency toward the South, attempted to investigate further allegations linking Confederate officials and others in a conspiracy with assassin John Wilkes Booth. The committee interviewed, among others, convicted conspirators Dr. Samuel A. Mudd, Edward Spangler, and Samuel B. Arnold. It appears that after December 1867, the Butler committee took no further action. Butler, however, was one of the most vigorous proponents of Johnson's impeachment during 1867. His involvement and that of other committee members in the impeachment proceedings may in part explain the committee's failure to continue its work.

The Butler committee uncovered little new information on the assassination of President Lincoln and was unable to establish any link between President Johnson and the conspirators. The body of evidence the Butler committee assembled argued against the charge that has reemerged on occasion since the 1860's that Andrew Johnson was a participant in, or had knowledge of, the conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln.

6. See generally, "A Thousand Days"; and Samuel Eliot Morison, Henry Steele Commager and William E. Leuchtenburg, "The Growth of the American Republic" (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977), volume II, chapter XXX (hereinafter "Growth of the American Replubic").
7. Id., "Growth of the American Republic," at p. 762.
8. "A Thousand Days," p. 635.
9. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. "Robert Kennedy and His Times" (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1978), Chapter 13.
10. Id. at 278.
11. Id. at 281.
12. Ibid.
13. Much of this account of President Kennedy's trip to Texas is based on the testimony of Governor and Mrs. John B. Connally. See testimony of Governor and Mrs. John B. Connally, Sept. 6, 1978, Hearings Before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol. I, pp. 11-60.
14. "A Thousand Days," p. 755.
15. Id. at 98.

References: Section A

1. Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), pp. 18-19 (hereinafter Warren Report).
2. Id. at 86-92.
3. Ibid.
4. Deposition of J. Lee Rankin, Aug. 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations hearing, pp. 75-78 (JFK Document 014027) (for a copy of the deposition, see "The Warren Commission," staff report, Appendix to the Hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d Session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol. XI (hereinafter WC report, -- Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings.--).
5. Id. at 75.
6. Ibid.
7. Testimony of Robert Groden, Sept. 7, 1978, Hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), Volume I, p. 99 (hereinafter Groden testimony, -- HSCA-JFK hearings,--).
8. Ibid.
9. JFK Document 002498.
10. Report to the President by the Commission on Central Intelligence Activities within the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975).
11. I HSCA-JFK hearings, 145.
12. Testimony of Michael Baden, Sept. 7, 1978, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 185 (hereinafter Baden testimony).
13. Report of the Forensic Pathology Panel, in "Report on the Medical Evidence and Related Issued Pertaining to the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy," report VII Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings (hereinafter forensic pathology report).
14. Id. at 151ff.
15. Report of Photographic Evidence Panel, VI Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, para. 512-610 (hereinafter photographic evidence report).
16. Forensic pathology report, para. 181ff.
17. Photographic evidence report, para. 512-610.
18. See JFK Exhibit F-19, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 182, and forensic pathology report, para. 205-235.
19. Id., forensic pathology report, at 461-557.

20. Testimony of Larry Sturdivan, Sept. 8, 1978, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 383ff.
21. Id. at 414-416.
22. JFK exhibit F-309, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 416.
23. Forensic pathology report, para. 363-414.
24. Ibid.
25. Id. at 415-460.
26. Ibid.; see also 364-376 and Addendum G.
27. Ibid.
28. Compare dissenting views of Dr. Cyril H. Wecht, id. at 558ff.
29. Warren Report, pp. 97-109.
30. Id. at 105.
31. Id. at 97.
32. Id. at 19.
33. Testimony of Dr. Vincent P. Guinn, Sept. 8, 1978, I HSCA-JFK hearings 491FF, (hereinafter Guinn testimony). There are differences in the count and weight of the materials examined by the FBI and Dr. Guinn. This is attributable to the character of the FBI tests and the fact that the Bureau disposed of the samples examined after the tests.
34. Warren Report, pp. 79-81.
35. See, e.g., Mark Lane, "Rush to Judgment" (New York: Holt, Rinehart &Winston, 1966), p. 80.
36. Guinn testimony, p. 533.
37. Sturdivan testimony, pp. 407-412, 420-424; see also testimony of Dr. Cyril H. Wecht, Sept. 7, 1978, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 350-352 (hereinafter Wecht testimony).
38. Id., Sturdivan testimony, at 395.
39. Id., Sturdivan testimony, 407-412, 420-424, and Baden testimony, 298.
40. JFK exhibit F-331, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 533.
41. Ibid.
42. Photographic evidence report, para. 52ff.
43. Id. at 57-80.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. Id. at 156ff.
47. Id. at 95-103, inter alia.
48. Testimony of Dr. James Barger, Professor Mark Weiss and Ernest Aschkenasy, Dec. 29, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 645ff., 555ff., and 556ff. respectively (hereinafter Barger, Weiss, or Aschkenasy testimony).
49. See memorandum of Chief Counsel G. Robert Blakey, V HSCA-JFK hearings 723ff.
50. Report of Dr. William K. Hartmann and Dr. Frank Scott, in the photographic evidence report, para. 92-103.
51. Warren Report, p. 18.
52. Ibid., pp. 18-19.
53. Forensic pathology report, para. 461ff.
54. Photographic evidence report, para. 110-168.
55. Testimony of Thomas Canning, Sept. 12, 1978, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 161.
56. Id. at 161-179.
57. Id. at 179-191.
58. Photographic evidence report, para. 127-168.
59. Ibid.
60. Id. at 272-287.
61. Ibid.
62. Id. at 247-251.
63. Id. at 257-271.
64. Id. at 247-251.
65. See letter of Charles Leontis (JFK document 014205).
66. JFK documents 014744 and 014833.
67. Testimony of Luke Mooney, hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office 1964), vol. III, p. 284 (hereinafter Warren Hearings).

69. Ibid.
70. Id. at 287.

71. Testimony of Eugene Boone, III Warren Hearings, 293.
72. Ibid.
73. Id. at 294.
74. Report of the Firearms Panel, VII appendix to the HSCA-JFK para. 135-146 (hereinafter firearms report); Warrent Report, p. 85.
75. Id., firearms report, at 131-134.
76. Guinn testimony, p. 533.
77. Sylvia Meagher, "Accessories After the Fact" (New York: 1967) pp. 95-100.
78. See e.g., testimony of Jack D. White, Sept. 14, 1978, II HSCA hearings, 322ff.
79. Photographic evidence report, para. 186ff.
80. Testimony of Calvin S. McCamy and Sgt. Cecil W. Kirk, Sept. 15, 1978, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 425-430 (hereinafter McCamy or Kirk testimony
81. Warren Report, pp. 118-121.
82. Ibid.
83. Ibid.
84. Id. at 128-129, 130-131.
85. Id. at 125-126.
86. Id. at 122-124.
87. Id. at 129-137.
88. Id. at 136.
89. Meagher, "Accessories After the Fact," pp. 104-105, supra.
90. Id. at 120-127, 200-209.
91. JFK Exhibit F-399, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 255.
92. Ibid.
93. Report of Vincent J. Scalice, in the Report on the Subject of the Examination of the Handwriting and Fingerprint Evidence in the Investigation of the Assassination of John F. Kennedy by the Questioned Documents Panel, VIII appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, para. 147ff. (hereinafter questioned documents report).
94. Id. at 27.
95. I Warren Hearings, 117-118.
96. Warren Report, pp. 180-181.
97. Id. at 125-128.
98. Groden testimony, pp. 124ff.
99. Photographic evidence report, para. 347ff.
100. Id. at 366-376.
101. See, e.g., photographic evidence report, para. 439.
102. Id. at 377.
103. Id. at 196, 237.
104. JFK Exhibits F-396, F-207 and F-208 and related testimony, HSCA-JFK hearings, II-p. 342, II-p. 435 and l-p. 127 respectively.
105. Photographic evidence report, para. 196.
106. JFK Exhibits F-183, F-184 and F-312, II-p. 245, II-p. 245 and II-p. 388 HSCA-JFK hearings respectively.
107. JFK Documents 001198 and 001197.
108. Photographic evidence report, para. 377.
109. Questioned documents report, para. 27.
110. Warren Report, pp. 137ff.
111. Id. at 143.
112. Testimony of Roy Truly. March 24, 1964. III Warren Hearings, 215.
113. See, e.g., testimony of Danny Arce, Bonnie Ray Williams, Charles Givens, Billy Lovelady and Harold Norman, Warren Report, vol. Vl, pp. 363-367, vol. III, pp. 161-184, vol. VI, pp. 345-356, vol. Vl, pp. 336-341, and vol. III, p. 186-198, respectively.
114. Questioned documents report, para. 147ff.
115. Interview of James Jarmen. Sept. 25, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 003347); testimony James Jarmen, III Warren hearings, 201.
116. See JFK exhibit F-126 and related Groden testimony, I HSCA-JFK hearings. 107 inter alia.
117. Warren Report, pp. 147-149.
118. J. Gary Shaw and Larry R. Harris, Cover-Up (publisher, J. Gary Shaw, Cleburne, Tex., 1976), p. 39.

119. Photographic evidence report, para. 759ff.
120. Interview of Billy Lovelady, May 9, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK document 009188).
121. Testimony of Roy Truly and M.L. Baker, Mar. 24, 1964, and Mar. 25, 1964, III Warren hearings, 212-241, 242-270.
122. Testimony of Mrs. Robert A. Reid, Mar. 25, 1964, III Warren hearings, 270-281.
123. The committee is not unaware of arguments to the contrary. See, e.g., P. D. Scott, P. L. Hoch and R. Stetler, eds., The Assassination: Dallas and Beyond (New York: vingage Boods, 1976), pp. 93-100. The committee traveled to Dallas and toured the Texas State Book Depository building. During those visits, the times required to reach the second floor from both the street and the sixth floor were determined. The committee found that the testimony of Truly and Baker does not preclude a finding the Oswald was on the sixth floor at the time the shots were fired.
124. Warren Report, p. 157.
125. Id. at 160, 163-165.
126. Id. at 165.
127. Id. at 176-180.
128. Firearms report, para. 198.
129. See, e.g., JFK Documents 006905, 003533 and 010905.
130. Warren Report, pp. 650-651.
131. Interview of Jack Ray Tatum, Feb. 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 006905).
132. Warren Report, pp. 176-180; testimony of James W. Bookhout, VII Warren hearings, 312.
133. Warren Report, p. 404.
134. See, e.g., Meagher, Accessories After the Fact, pp. 283-292, supra.
135. Firearms report, para. 149-150.
136. Neutron activation analysis report, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 528.
137. Testimony of Marina Oswald Porter, Sept. 13, 1978, II HSCA-JFK hearings; see also deposition of Marina Oswald Porter, XII appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings.
138. Questioned documents report, para. 27.
139. JFK exhibit F-510, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 350.
140. Warren Report, p. 423.
141. Id. at 375-424.
142. Id. at 390-394.
143. Id. at 393.
144. Id. at 391-392.
145. Id. at 392.
146. Id. at 406-412.
147. JFK exhibit F-178, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 350.
148. Warren Report, pp. 406-415.
149. Ibid.
150. Testimony of Carlos Bringuier, X Warren hearings, 35-36.
151. JFK staff reports, House Select Committee on Assassinations (classified JFK Documents 014972, 014973, 014974 and 014975).

References: Section B

1. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover to J. Lee Rankin, June 10, 1964 (JFK Document 014512).
2. FBI interview of Samuel Pate, Mar. 10, 1964 (JFK Document 014513).
3. Letter from L.G. Kersta to J. Lee Rankin, July 17, 1964 (JFK Document 002892).
4. Outside contact report, Dr. James E. Barger, May 30, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 008926).
5. "Analysis of Recorded Sounds Relating to the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy," Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., in "A Study of the Acoustics Evidence Related to the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy," appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Cong., 2d sess. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), Vol VIII, sec. 1 (hereinafter BBN report, --appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings,--).

6. Id. at sec. 3.
7. Id. at Foreword.
8. Testimony of Paul McCaghren, Sept. 11, 1978, hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives. 95th Cong. 2d sess. (Washington, D.C.; U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), Vol. II, p. 108 (hereinafter McCaghren testimony. -- HSCA-JFK hearings,--)
9. Id. at 109-110.
10. BBN report, sec. 4.1.
11. Id. at sec 3.
12. Id. at sec. 3.3.
13. Id. at sec. 4. As explained in sec. 5.3 of the BBN report, the number of sequences tested may be listed at differing points in the committee's record as 4,5, or 6, depending upon the stage of analysis the acoustical project was at
14. Ibid. An additional, less precise screening test was referred to in the the hearings on the acoustical project. This screening test was to determine whether the number of impulses in each of the impulse sequences on the Dallas Police Department tape approximated the number of impulses in the expected echo pattern of Dealey Plaza.
15. Id. at sec. 5.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Id. at sec. 5.1, step 3.
19. Id. at sec. 5.
20. Testimony of Prof. Mark Weiss and Ernest Aschkenasy, Dec. 12, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 556.
21. BBN report, sec. 5.2(3)
22. Ibid.
23. Id. at sec. 5.2(2)
24. Ibid.
25. Id. at sec. 5.2(1)
26. Testimony of Dr. James E. Barger, Dec. 29, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 649 (hereinafter Barger testimony, Dec. 29, 1978.
27. BBN report, sec. 5.1, step 3.
28. Id. at sec. 5.2(1)
29. Ibid.
30. Id. at sec. 5.1, step 5.
31. Id. at sec. 5.1, steps 5 and 6.
32. Id. at section 5.1, step 6. A technical term for an "invalid match" is a "False alarm"; this term was used during the hearings on the acoustical project and in the BBN report.
33. Id. at section 5.3.
34. Ibid.
35. Ibid.
36. Id. at section 5.4.
37. Ibid. During his Sept. 11, 1978, testimony before the committee, before the probability estimate was refined for the BBN report, Barger estimated the probability that this would occur at random as 5 percent. Testimony of Dr. James E. Barger, Sept. 11, 1978, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 67 (hereinafter Barger testimony, Sept. 11, 1978).
38. BBN report, sec. 5.4
39. Ibid.
40. Id. at sec. 1.4.
41. Barger testimony, Sept. 11, 1978, p. 94.
42. BBN report, sec. 1.4.
43. Ibid.
44. Ibid.
45. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, p. 556.
46. Id. at 559.
47. BBN report, section 1.5.
48. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, p. 566.
49. An Analysis of Recorded Sounds Relating to the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy, section 14, Professor Mark R. Weiss and Ernest Aschkenasy, in "A Study of the Acoustics Evidence Related to the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy," VII appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings (hereinafter Weiss-Aschkenasy report).

50. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, pp. 558-559.
51. Weiss-Aschkenasy report, section 4.14.
52. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, p. 605.
53. Id. at 568-569.
54. Ibid.; Weiss-Aschkenasy report, section 5.3.
55. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, pp. 581-582.
56. Id. at 556, 605.
57. BBN report, section 1.5.
58. Barger testimony, December 29, 1978, p. 684.
59. Id. at 581.
60. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, p. 586.
61. Barger testimony, December 29, 1978, p. 681.
62. Ibid.
63. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, p. 571.
64. Barger testimony, Dec. 29, 1978, pp. 680-681.
65. Id. at 681.
66. Id. at 682.
67. Interview of H.B. McLain, Sept. 26, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 002378) (hereinafter McLain interview).
68. Interview of Sergeant Jimmy Wayne Courson, Sept. 26, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 002381) (hereinafter Courson interview).
69. Capt. P.W. Laurence Exhibit, hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), volume XX, p. 489 (hereinafter -- Warren Hearings, --).
70. Dallas Cinema Association film (JFK document 005011).
71. Courson interview.
72. Dallas Cinema Association film (JFK document 005011).
73. JFK Exhibits F-668, 669, 670, 671, and 681, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 626, 627, and 628 respectively.
74. Letter from Robert Groden to Chairman Stokes, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 703.
75. Testimony of H.B. McLain, Dec. 29, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 625 (hereinafter McLain testimony).
76. Id. at 629.
77. Id. at 630.
78. Ibid.
79. Id. at 637.
80. Id. at 630.
81. Id. at 635.
82. Daily assignment sheet for Solo motors (JFK document 014391), V HSCA-JFK hearings, 721.
83. Groden letter, p. 704. As detailed on page 702, the committee did not rely on this photographic enhancement because it was completed after the committee's final vote on the findings.
84. See, e.g., JFK exhibit F-680 (paper submitted by Anthony Pellicano), V HSCA-JFK hearings, 652.
85. See, e.g., transcript of CBS television interview of H. B. McLain with Eric Enberg, Jan. 4, 1979 (JFK document 014387).
86. See, e.g., JFK exhibit F-680 (paper submitted by Anthony Pellicano), V HSCA-JFK hearings, 652.
87. Ibid.
88. Transcript of November 22, 1963, channel 2 police transmissions (JFK document 006996).
89. Interview of Gerald D. Henslee, Aug. 12, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK document 013886).
90. McLain testimony, p. 630.
91. Transcript of CBS television interview of H. B. McLain with Eric Enberg, Jan. 4, 1979 (JFK document 014387).
92. Barger testimony, Dec. 29, 1978, pp. 650-651; BBN report, section 5.4.
93. Weiss and Aschkenasy testimony, p. 592.
94. McLain testimony, p. 640.
95. BBN report, section 6.1.
96. Id. at section 2.1.

97. See section I A of the Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations: Findings and Recommendations.
98. Report of the Photographic Evidence Panel, VI Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, paragraphs 64 to 80 (hereinafter photographic evidence report).
99. BBN report, section 4.1.
100. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover to J. Lee Rankin, Feb. 3, 1964 (JFK Document 014514).
101. For a detailed memorandum on the process of synchronizing the tape to the film, see the memorandum of G. Robert Blakey, Feb. 22, 1979, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 723.
102. Report of the Forensic Pathology Panel, in "Report on the Medical Evidence and Related Issues pertaining to the Report on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy," VII Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, pars, 461 to 494 (hereinafter forensic pathology report).
103. JFK Exhibit F-331, section 5 (neutron activation analysis report of Dr. Vincent P. Guinn), I HSCA-JFK hearings, 506.
104. Ibid.
105. See section I A 3 of the Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations: Findings and Recommendations.
106. Dr. Baden acknowledged this extraordinarily remote possibility in discussions with the staff (memorandum of Donald A. Purdy, Dec. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014996)). He was prepared to respond to questions concerning this theoretical possibility during the Dec. 29th, 1978, hearing, but because of the time spent on the acoustical evidence during that hearing, Dr. Baden's scheduled appearance before the committee was canceled. His opinion, and that of the forensic pathology panel, remains that there is not medical evidence that the President was struck by a bullet fired from the grassy knoll.
107. See Blakey memorandum, Feb. 22, 1979, p. 723.
108. Photographic evidence report, pars. 182-185.
109. Testimony of Governor John B. Connally, Sept. 6, 1978, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 42.
110. Photographic evidence report, par. 68.
111. Id. at 70.
112. Id. at 71.
113. Id. at 72, 74-80.
114. Forensic pathology report, par. 487.
115. Photographic evidence report, par. 153.
116. Id. at 164-166.
117. Warren Report, p. 117.
118. Testimony of Robert A. Frazier, hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), vol. III, pp. 403-412 (hereinafter Frazier testimony, -- Warren hearings, --).
119. Testimony of Monty C. Lutz, Sept. 8, 1978, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 484.
120. See memorandum of Chief Counsel G. Robert Blakey, printed as an addendum to "A Study of the Acoustics Evidence Related to the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy," VIII Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings.
121. See section I A 3 of the "Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations: Findings and Recommendations."

123. Photographic evidence report, pars. 90, 98.
124. Testimony of Dr. William Hartmann, Sept. 11, 1978, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 137.
125. Photographic evidence report, pars. 10-38, 42.
126. Id. at 40.
127. Id. at 41.
128. Id. at 292.
129. Id. at 303-04.
130. Ibid.
131. Id. at 305.
132. Id. at 306.
133. Ibid.; and outside contact report with Bob Hunt, Jan. 15, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014736).
134. Photographic evidence report, pars. 321-322.
135. Id. at 324-327.
136. Id. at 328-329.

137. Id. at 328-331.
138. Ibid.
139. Id. at 331.
140. Id. at 279-301.
141. Id. at 302.
142. Id. at 307-309.
143. Id. at 315-317.
144. Id. at 251.
145. Id. at 282.
146. Id. at 283-285.
147. Id. at 286.
148. Id. at 287.
149. Id. at 288.
150. Ibid.
151. Id. at 263.
152. Id. at 265-266.
153. "Analysis of Earwitness Reports Relating to the Assassination of President Kennedy, " prepared by D.M. Green, consultant to Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., VIII appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings (hereinafter BBN-Green report).
154. Ibid.
155. This possibility was also recognized by the Warren Commission in its discussion of the number of shots that were fired (Warren Report, p. 111). The testimony of Emmett Joseph Hudson may illustrate the difficulty of finding facts based on the recollections of witnesses, especially these who have had the opportunity to read about the events in newspapers or who may have been led to change their testimony by the manner in which they were questioned at the time of the assassination. Hudson was located in front of the stockade fence on the grassy knoll, in a position where he may have been expected to have heard distinctly any shot fired from the knoll. (See JFK exhibit F-129 I, HSCA-JFK hearings, 109). Hudson gave as sworn statement to the Sheriff's Department of Dallas County on November 22, 1963. He said he was in Dealey Plaza, sitting on the steps in front of the stockade fence, facing Elm Street, during the time of the assassination. He heard three shots. They came "from behind and above me." (Emphasis added.) (XIX Warren hearings, 481.)

Hudson's testimony would seem to mean "from behind the fence," and his statement has been so understood (J. Thompson, "Six Seconds in Dallas" (Berkeley, Calif.: Berkeley Medallion Books, 1976), appendix A, witness No. 75.

Hudson gave a depositon to the Warren Commission on July 22, 1964; he told counsel the third "shot was coming from above and kind of behind." (VII Warren hearings, 560.) Counsel then asked: "You heard it come from sort of behind the motorcade and then above?" (Emphasis added.) Hudson answered, "Yes." (Ibid.) Hudson answered, "Well, it sounded like it was high, you know, from above and kind of behind like--in other words, to the left" (Ibid.) Counsel asked, "And that would have fit in with the Texas School Book Depository, wouldn't it?" (Ibid.) Hudson replied, "Yes." (Ibid.)

Hudson also indicated that he saw the second shot hit the President in the head "a little bit behind the ear and a little bit above the ear" on the right side. (Id. at 560.) According to his testimony, he was lying on the ground facing Elm when the third shot was fired. (Ibid.) He also felt that the first shot was fired shortly after the motorcade had turned off Houston onto Elm at about the first lightpost on Elm on the right (id. at 559); the second--that hit the President in the head--came a little later, near the second lightpost on Elm on the right (id. at 560); and the third occurred at about the steps leading down to Elm Street that he was standing on (id. at 561). According to Hudson, the third shot must have hit the President in the neck. (Ibid.)

If the scientific evidence summarized in the text is correct, Hudson must be wrong in some aspects of his testimony. According to the scientific evidence, the first shot missed, and it was fired shortly after the President's limousine turned onto Elm. The scientific evidence indicated, moreover, that the second shot hit

the President in the neck, not the head, when the limousine was between the first and second lightposts; it also indicated the President was hit in the head not by the second, but by the fourth shot, at the point when the limousine was between the third and fourth shots, Hudson is seen still standing, not lying down as he remembers.

In summary, Hudson was wrong about which shots hit the President in the head and neck, the location of the limousine at each shot and his own body position at the time of the shooting.

It may will be that Hudson's understanding of what happened was influenced by the newspapers after he had given his November statement to the Sheriff's Department. At two points during the July deposition, he indicated in answers that he had read newspapers that said that the President had been hit twice (id. at 561) and that had carried Hudson's pictures in them (id. at 563).

He may also have been led to alter his first statement by the way in which he was questioned by counsel, who have him an interpretation of his prior statement to the Sheriff's Department and of his own testimony in the deposition that led him to testify in a fashion consistent with what was then generally will known: Oswald had fired three shots from the depository. When Hudson was contacted by the committee, he told his story in words virtually identical to those he had used in his deposition 15 years ago. He added, "Everything I told the Warren Commission was correct." (Outside contact report with Emmett Joseph Hudson, Feb. 3, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014458).) Hudson, now 71, had heard for years about the controversy about a shot from the knoll; he does not think that one was fired from behind the stockade fence. (Ibid.)

Hudson himself also recognized the other key factor that affects most of the testimony of the witnesses in Dealey Plaza-he noted that "it was just such an exciting time...", Warren hearings, VII p. 465.

In dissent, Congressman Edgar questions the testimony, quoted in the text, of S. M. Holland. He correctly noted that there are, as in the case of Hudson, differences between what he told the Dallas county Sheriff's Department and the Warren Commission. He also notes that Holland said he saw a machinegun, using it as a basis to call into question Holland's credibility. In fact, Special Agent Ed Hickey had an AR-15, an automatic rifle, in the follow-up car, and he did have it raised; Holland's testimony about the machinegun, therefore, can be corroborated (XVII Warren hearings, 735). A photograph of the gun is published in "The Torch Is Passed" (A.P. 1964), p. 17.

Congressman Edgar also noted that Holland reported seeing a "puff of smoke" and questioned whether smoke could be seen when "smokeless" powder is used, as it is in modern firearms. As it was explained by the firearms panel, modern weapons do in fact emit smoke when fired (I HSCA-JFK hearings, 485 (Sept. 8, 1978)).

156. Warren report, p. 110.
157. Ibid.
158. Id. at 111.
159. Id. at 19.
160. JFK Exhibit 644 (V HSCA-JFK hearings, 504). The committee did not attempt to interview Hargis because of his medical history.
161. Ibid.
162. JFK Exhibit 645 (V HSCA-JFK hearings, 508). Newman conrfirmed to the committee the accuracy of his statement to the Warren Commission. Outside contact report, William Eugene Newman, February 10, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK document 014572).
163. JFK Exhibit 646 (V HSCA-JFK hearings, 510)
164. JFK Exhibit 647 (V HSCA-JFK hearings, 519). Landis confirmed to the committee the accuracy of his statement to the Warren Commission. Outside contact report with Paul Landis, February 17, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK document 014571).
165. Ibid.
166. JFK Exhibit 648 (V HSCA-JFK hearings, 527). See reference 155, supra.
167. Ibid.
168. Ibid.
169. BBN-Green report, section 4.

170. Id. at section 5.
171. Ibid.
172. Id. at appendix A.
173. Id. at section 3.1.
174. Ibid.
175. "Conspiracy Witnesses in Dealey Plaza," staff report, XII appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings.
176. Photographic evidence report, para. 539-560.
177. Id. at 612-613.
178. Id. at 617-618.
179. Id. at 673, 721-731.
180. Ibid.
181. During 1963-1964, Chrisman was employed at Rainier Union High School in Rainier, Oreg. The committee obtained the affidavits of three teachers at that school, Marva Haris, Norma Chase, and Stanley Perloom, that Chrisman was teaching school in Rainier on November 22, 1963 (JFK document 013925).
182. Deposition of E. Howard Hunt, Nov. 3, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 5-10 (JFK document 014506).
183. See Section I A # of the Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations: Findings and Recommendations; photographic evidence report, para. 188-197, 347-511.
184. M. Eddowes, "The Oswald File" (New York: Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., 1977).
185. Photographic evidence report, para. 732-748.
186. Id at 749-755.
187. Id. at 756-757.
188. Id. at 757.
189. Ibid.
190. Report on the subject of the examination of the handwriting and fingerprint evidence in the investigation of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, VIII appendix to the hearings.

1. United States v. Kissel, 218 U.S. 601, 610 (1910).
2. See Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), chapter VI.
3. Id. at 245-252.
4. Id. at 376.
5. Id. at 374.
6. Id. at 780.
7. Id. at 785.
8. Id. at 333-373.
9. Id. at 370-371.

1. See generally Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), pp. 655-658 (hereinafter Warren Report).
2. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "Soviet-American Relations During the Kennedy Years," June 1, 1978, prepared for the House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 2-6 (JFK Document 008899).
3. Id. at 9.
4. Ibid.
5. Warren Report, pp. 21-22, 254-280.
6. Id. at 255, 374; Commission exhibit (CE) 3138.
7. Id. at 254-280, and related Commission exhibits; see also testimony of Marina Oswald Porter, Sept. 13, 1978-Sept. 14, 1978, Hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing office, 1979), vol. II, pp. 206-319 (hereinafter Porter testimony, ---HSCA-JFK hearings,---); see also "Deposition of Marina Oswald Porter," staff report, appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C. U.S. Government Printing

8. Office, 1970), vol. XII (hereinafter Porter deposition, -- appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings,--).
9. Warren report, CE 985-986.
10. See generally "Oswald in the Soviet Union: An Investigation of Yuri Nosenko," staff report, XII appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings (hereinafter Nosenko report).
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. CE 24, 180-198, 294-295, 297-322.
14. CE 985, 986.
15. CE 984.
16. CE 985, 986.
17. Ibid. (The suspicious nature of the consistently illegible signatures was discussed in a memorandum of Warren Commission Counsel W. David Slawson to J. Lee Rankin, June 4, 1964.)
18. Nosenko report, secs. 3, 4.
19. Ibid.
20. Unpublished classified staff summary of review of CIA files on U.S. defectors to Russia.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
24. Staff report on Yuri Nosenko, Sept. 15, 1978, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 443.
25. Id. at 449.
26. Ibid.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Id. at 460-464.
30. Id. at 464.
31. See generally Nosenko report, secs. 3,4, 7.
32. Undated memorandum of W. David Slawson, Warren Commission counsel (1964), p. 84ff.; executive session testimony of W. David Slawson, Nov. 15, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations Exhibit 22 (JFK Document 014668).
33. Deposition of J. Lee Rankin, Aug. 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 67-68, attachment G, para. 284, in "The Warren Commission,"
34. See generally Nosenko report.
35. Id. at sec. 1.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. Testimony of John Hart, Sept. 15, 1978, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 487; see also JFK exhibit F-427, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 536; Nosenko report, sec. 2.
39. Id., Nosenko report at sec. 3.
40. Compare Nosenko report, sec. 3, with secs, 4,7.
41. See generally Nosenko report, sec. 1.
42. Ibid.
43. Ibid.; Porter testimony, p. 206.
44. JFK document 014873.

References: Section C 2

1. "Report on the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy" (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), pp. 658-659 (hereinafter Warren report).
2. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "United States-Cuban Relations, 1959-64: An Analysis," May 1978 (JFK Document 010426), pp. 7-8 (hereinafter "United States-Cuban Relations, 1959-64").
3. Id. at 8.
4. Id. at 9-16.
5. Id. at 9.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Id. at 10.
9. Id. at 12.

10. Ibid.
11. Id. at 17-25.
12. Id. at 20.
13. Id. at 33.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Id. at 35.
17. Id. at 36.
18. Id. at 39.
19. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "A Selected Chronology on Cuba and Castro, March 10, 1952-October 22, 1962," p. 29 (JFK Document 013100).
20. Id. at 30.
21. "United States-Cuban Relations, 1959-64," pp. 37ff.
22. Id. at 45, inter alia.
23. Id. at 48-49.
24. Id. at 52.
25. Id. at 53.
26. Id. at 54.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Ibid.
30. Id. at 72-74.
31. Id. at 70-71.
32. Id. at 71-72.
33. Id. at 72.
34. "Public Papers of the Presidents of the United states: John F. Kennedy" (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), pp. 872-877 (JFK document 013574).
35. Warren report, pp. 406-414.
36. Id. at 299-311.
37. Id. at 658-659, 374.
38. See, e.g., Washington Post article of Mar. 7, 1967 by Drew Pearson and Jack Anderson, "Castro Counter Plot," and Miami Herald article of Mar. 3, 1967 by Jack Anderson, "Did Plot by CIA to Kill Castro backfire on United States?"
39. See "Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders, An Interim Report," Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities, 94th Cong., 1st sess., Nov. 20, 1975 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976) (S. Rept. 94-755) (hereinafter book V).
40. Senate interim report, pp. 71-180.
41. Id. at 86-90.
42. Id. at 74-85.
43. Book V, p. 68.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. Ibid.
47. Ibid.
48. Id. at 2.
49. Ibid.
50. Comments on book V, SSC final report, CIA classified document, August 30, 1977, tab C (hereinafter T.F.R.).
51. Ibid.
52. "The Evolution and Implications of the CIA Sponsored Assassination Conspiracies Against Fidel Castro," staff report, app. to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassination, 95th Cong., 2d sess. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol. X, para. 54 (hereinafter CIA-Castro staff report, --appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, --).
53. CIA-Castro staff report, para. 46.
54. Book V, pp. 6-7.

55. T.F.R., p. 10
56. Warren report, pp. 308-309.
57. Book V, pp. 6-7.
58. T.F.R., tab B.
59. CIA-Castro staff report, par. 35ff.
60. See, e.g., T.F.R., tab B, C, D.
61. T.F.R., tab B, p. 5.
62. T.F.R., tab D.
63. T.F.R., p. 10.
64. T.R.R., tab B, p. 8.
65. Ibid.
66. Ibid.
67. Ibid.
68. CIA-Castro staff report, pars. 58-61.
69. Id.at 63.
70. Id. at 54.
71. T.F.R., tab D, p. 4.
72. Ibid. see also 1967 CIA Inspector General's Report, p. 84 (hereinafter IGR).
73. Ibid.
74. T.F.R., tab D, p. 5.
75. IGR, pp. 89-95.
76. Id. at 85.
77. Id.at 86-87.
78. T.F.R., tab D, p.11.
79. Ibid.
80. Id. at tab p. 12.
81. Id. at 13.
82. Id. at 16.
83. IGR, p. 93a
84. CIA-Castro staff report, par. 64.
85. Id. at 65.
86. Id. at 64.
87. Transcript of conversations and interviews, trip to Cuba, Aug. 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 012208).
88. Ibid. See also interview with President Fidel Castro, reprinted at III HSCA-JFK hearings, 239-240.
89. Book V, p. 68.
90. JFK Document 012208, ref. 87 supra.
91. CIA-Castro staff report, pars. 160-172. See also, generally, pars. 80-201.
92. Ibid.
93. Id. at 157-159.
94. Ibid.
95. Id. at 157-163.
96. Ibid. See also pars. 17-22, 30. See also Book V for details on the anti-Castro activities of Maheu, Roselli, Giancana, etc.
97. Id., CIA-Castro staff report, 17-19.
98. Ibid.
99. Id. at 20.
100. Id. at 21-22.
101. Id. at 176-177.
102. Id. at 23-26, 176-177.
103. See, e.g., testimony of Ralph Salerno, Sept. 28, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 468.
104. See section c 4 and pp. xx of this section, C 2, supra, for details.
105. See section C 3 for details.
106. Ibid.
107. The method of operation was to contact syndicate figures who had contacts in Cuba. See IGR, pp. 16-19.
108. T.F.R., tab C, p. 2.
109. Id. at 5.
110. Senate interim report, p. 104, fn. 1.
111. CIA classified file review: Robert Maheu, Office of Security file.
112. T.F.R., tab C, p. 2.
113. Book V, pp. 60-61.
114. Ibid.
115. Ibid.

116. Unpublished staff report on the Nov. 22, 1963, Cubana flight, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 4-5 (JFK Document 015047).
117. Ibid.
118. Ibid.
119. Book V. pp. 61ff.
120. Id. at 61-62.
121. Id. at 62.
122. Classified staff summary: The Cuban-American, House Select Committee on Assassinations (Ed Lopez), (JFK Document 014858) (hereinafter Cuban-American).
123. Id. at 2.
124. Ibid.
125. Ibid.
126. Id. at 3.
127. Id. at 4.
128. Ibid.
129. Id. at 5.
130. Id. at 4.
131. T.F.R., tab B, p. 16.
132. Cuban-American, p.5.
133. Id. at 6.
134. Ibid.
135. Ibid.
136. Id. at 6-14; see also JFK Document 014519.
137. Cuban-American, p. 7.
138. Id. at 7-8.
139. Id. at 8.
140. Id. at 9.
141. Ibid.
142. Id. at 10.
143. Ibid.
144. Id. at 10-11.
145. T.F.R., tab B, pp. 16-17.
146. Deposition of Antulio Ramirez Ortiz, Nov. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 14-16 (JFK Document 013095).
147. Id. at 16-29.
148. Antulio Ramirez Ortiz, Castro's Red Hot Hell (unpublished) (JFK Document 005134).
149. Executive session testimony, Antulio Ramirez Ortiz, Apr. 11, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014674).
150. Id. at 26-27.
151. See JFK Documents 006940, 006975, 007000, 007078, 007079, 007080, 007132, 007136, 007278, and 007476.
152. JFK exhibit F-428; III HSCA-JFK hearings, 282.
153. Ibid.
154. JFK exhibits F-429B and F-429C, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 196, 197.
155. Id. at 274.
156. See, e.g., classified staff summary of Silvia Duran's statements (JFK Document 014862), pp. 9, 12; testimony of Eusebio Azcue, Sept. 18, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 133; and statements of Silvia Duran, JFK exhibit F-440a, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 6ff.
157. Comments by Chief Counsel G. Blakey, Sept. 19, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 283.
158. Ibid.
159. "Analysis of the Support Provided to the Warren Commission by the Central Intelligence Agency," staff report, XI appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings (hereinafter CIA performance).
160. JFK exhibit F-518, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 181.
161. Staff summary of Aug. 25, 1978 trip to Cuba, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 5 (JFK Document 014859).
162. Interrogatories of Anna Luisa Calderon Carralero, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014421).
163. See, generally, JFK Documents 014974 and 014975.
164. See JFK exhibit F-403, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 300.
165. Unpublished staff report, Mexico City, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 52-53 (JFK Document 014856).

166. Interview of Horacio Duran Navarro, June 5, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 011683); interview of Lydia Duran, June 5, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK document 011681); interview of Ruben Duran Navarro, June 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 011680); interview of Bettey Serratos, June 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014413), inter alia. A summary of the investigative efforts relating to Oswald's trip to Mexico is contained in the classified staff report of Dan Hardway and Ed Lopez (JFK Documents 014974 and 014975).
167. JFK exhibit F-403, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 300.
168. See JFK exhibit 440a, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 69 and Azcue testimony, 136.
169. Id. at 24-25, 112.
170. Azcue testimony, pp. 135-139.
171. Id. at 95-96.
172. Id. at 59.
173. Unpublished staff report on Elena Garro de Paz, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 47 (JFK Document 014856).
174. Id. at 49-52.
175. JFK Document 014975, supra, p. 420; Duran statements, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 100.
176. Id, JFK Document 014975, p. 421; Duran statements, III HSCA-JFK hearings, at 106-107.
177. Ibid., JFK Document 014975, p. 421; staff summary of Mexico City trip, Aug. 7, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 3, 7, 8, 10 (JFK Document 012210).
178. The details of the committee's investigation of Oswald's trip to Mexico city are contained in a 300-page classified staff report, "Lee Harvey Oswald ... and Mexico City," prepared by HSCA staff Dan Hardway and Ed Lopez (JFK Documents 014974 and 014975).
179. JFK exhibit F-414, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 399.
180. JFK exhibit F-419, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 361; memoranda, FBI Miami field office, CD 770.
181. Testimony of Secret Service Inspector Thomas J. Kelley, Sept. 19, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 343.
182. JFK exhibits F-415, 416, 417, and 418, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 401, 425, 433, and 436 respectively.
183. Narration of Chief Counsel G. Robert Blakey, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 319.
184. Azcue testimony, pp. 126-178.
185. JFK exhibit F-429C, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 212-213.
186. Id. at 214-215.
187. Id. at 216-217.
188. Id. at 221ff.
189. Id. at 222.
190. See JFK exhibit F-685, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 179, and "United States-Cuban Relations, 1959-1954," p. 72.
191. JFK exhibit F-429C, supra, pp. 223-224.
192. Id. at 224-225.
193. See sec. D 5 of this report.
194. See sec. D 3 of this report.
195. "Anti-Castro Organizations and Activists and Lee Harvey Oswald in New Orleans," staff report, X appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, para. 109 (hereinafter anti-Castro organizations).
196. Id. at 110.
197. Tape of interview with the defector, Dec. 13, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 015049).
198. T.F.R., tab B, p. 9.
199. See executive session testimony of Richard M. Helms, Aug. 9, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, and public session testimony of Richard M. Helms, September 22, 1978, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, for further accounts of Helms' relationship with the Warren Commission. See generally CIA performance, par. 47-68; as explained in sec. D, while Richard Helms and other CIA officials may not have overtly diverted the investigation, this does not mean they fully acknowledged all details to the Warren Commission that might have been pertinent to the investigation.
200. See generally ref. 191 in sec. C3 anti-Castro organizations, pars. 205-388.

1. "Anti-Castro Activists and Organizations and Lee Harvey Oswald in New Orleans," staff report, appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Cong., 2d Sess. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol. X, par. 23 (hereinafter Anti-Castro Cuban report,--- appendix to the hearings,---).
2. Id. at 64-65, 460-463.
3. Id. at 12.
4. Id. at 13.
5. Id. at 15.
6. Id. at 17ff.
7. Ibid.
8. Id. at 18ff.
9. Id. at 21.
10. Id. at 23.
11. See generally Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "United States-Cuban Relations, 1959-64: Analysis," May 1978, pp. 17ff. (JFK Document 010426) (hereinafter United States-Cuban Relations).
12. Id. at 20.
13. Anti-Castro Cuban report, pars. 25-26.
14. Id. at 27.
15. Ibid.
16. Id. at 28.
17. Id. at 29.
18. Id. at 28.
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
21. Id. at 30.
22. E. Howard Hunt, "Give Us This Day" (New York: Popular Library), pp. 220-221 (hereinafter Hunt, "Give Us This Day"; see generally Haynes Johnson, "The Bay of Pigs," (New York: W.W. Norton, 1964); and Miami Herald, Dec. 30, 1962.
23. Ibid.
24. Ibid.
25. Hunt, "Give Us This Day," p. 221.
26. Anti-Castro Cuban report, par. 31.
27. Id. at 33-42.
28. Ibid.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. Id. at 43.
32. Id. at 44-45.
33. "United States-Cuban Relations," pp. 54-55.
34. Id. at 46-47.
35. Ibid.
36. Id. at 48.
37. Tape recording of a meeting of anti-Castro Cubans in Dallas, Tex. Oct. 1, 1963 (JFK Document 010210).
38. Ibid.
39. Ibid.; upon listening to the tape, it is apparent that the state- ments by Castellanos -- "we're waiting for Kennedy" and "we're going to see him ... to give him the works"-- which comes just after Castellanos relates an unsuccessful effort to have a parade or march in downtown Dallas to promote the cause of the anti-Castro Cubans, is only a proposal to demonstrate against President Kennedy during his trip to Dallas. After reviewing the entire tape, the staff concluded that Castellanos' statements were not meant as a threat of physical violence against the President.
40. Anti-Castro Cuban report, pars. 59ff.
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. U.S. Secret Service, blank letterhead memorandum, Nov. 27, 1963, Secret Service 2-1-611.0, p. 1 (JFK Document 007601).
44. Id. at 3.
45. Ibid.
46. Ibid.

47. U.S. Secret Service report, Dec. 3, 1963, file CO-2-34,000, Chicago field office, p. 1; U.S. Secret Service report, Dec. 19, 1963, file No. CO-2-34,104, pp. 1-6; U.S. Secret Service report, Dec. 13, 1963, file No. CO-2-34,030, pp. 1-3.
48. U.S. Secret Service report, Nov. 27, 1963, file 2-1-611.0, Chicago field office, p.2 (JFK Document 007601).
49. U.S. Secret Service report, Dec. 3, 1963, Chicago field office, file CO-2-34,030, p. 4.
50. The Secret Service continued the investigation despite the FBI's opinion that the group was not involved in illegal activity. U.S. Secret Service report, Dec. 3, 1963, Chicago field office, file CO-2-34,030.
51. Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), p. ix (hereinafter Warren report).
52. Deposition of James J. Rowley, Aug. 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 23, 38, 39 (JFK Document 014240).
53. Id. at 26-29, 38, 39.
54. U.S. Secret Service report, Dec. 19, 1963, file CO-2-34,104, p. 7.
55. Letter to James B. Rhoads, Archivist of the United States, from J. Edgar Hoover, FBI, Dec. 28, 1970, Bureau 62-109060-6979. This letter states: "A review of the this material indicates it pertained to a matter investigated by the U.S. Secret Service. No investigation was conducted by the FBI with respect to the allegations concerning Echevarria."
56. Anti-Castro Cuban report, pars. 347-348.
57. See generally material on the Junta del Gobierno de Cuba en el Exilio in the anti-Castro Cuban report, pars. 342-388.
58. Ibid.
59. Id. at 351, 365.
60. See generally Warren report, pp. 321-325.
61. Anti-Castro Cuban report, pars. 129ff.
62. Id. at 114.
63. Id. at 131.
64. Id. at 181, 131.
65. Id. at 114.
66. Id. at 115.
67. Id. at 142.
68. Ibid.
69. Ibid.
70. Id. at 146.
71. Id. at 152.
72. Id. at 129.
73. Id. at 194, 202, 203.
74. Id. at 171ff.
75. Id. at 172-173.
76. Ibid.
77. Id. at 181-183.
78. Id. at 184.
79. Anti-Castro Cuban report, pars. 173-192.
80. Id. at 177, 186-192.
81. Id. at 197.
82. Ibid.
83. Ibid.
84. Id. at 186-190.
85. Id. at 195.
86. Id. at 196.
87. Id. at 198.
88. Id. at 200-201.
89. Ibid.
90. Ibid.
91. Id. at 64.
92. Id. at 94ff.
93. Id. at 95-96.
94. Id at 64-65.
95. Ibid.
96. Ibid.
97. Ibid.

98. Id. at 64.
99. Ibid.
100. Ibid.
101. Id. at 65.
102. Id. at 93.
103. Id. at 65.
104. Ibid.
105. Id. at 66.
106. Id. at 67-68.
107. Letter from J. Lee Rankin to J. Edgar Hoover, July 24, 1964 (JFK Document 002442). Rankin asked Hoover to have the Bureau interview Silvia Odio's sister, Annie Laurie Odio, to investigate this matter further.
108. Id. at 2.
109. Memorandum from J. Wesley Liebeler to Howard P. Willens, Warren Commission, Sept. 14, 1964, pp. 4-6 (JFK Document 002539) (hereinafter Liebeler-Willens memorandum).
110. Warren report, p. 323.
111. Liebeler-Willens memorandum, p.5.
112. Ibid.
113. Liebeler-Willens memorandum, pp. 4-6.
114. Id. at 6.
115. Hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), volume 26, p. 595 (hereinafter Warren hearings).
116. Ibid.
117. Ibid.
118. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover to J. Lee Rankin, Nov. 9, 1964, Warren Commission exhibit (CE) 1553 (JFK Document 002448).
119. The report was completed and sent to President Johnson on Sept. 24, 1964 (Warren report, p. v).
120. Anti-Castro Cuban report, par. 68.
121. Id. at 71c.
122. Ibid.
123. Ibid.
124. Ibid.
125. Id. at 68.
126. Id. at 85ff.
127. Id. at 85aff.
128. Id. at 103.
129. Memorandum to W. David Slawson from Burt W. Griffin, Apr. 16, 1964 (JFK Document 002969). Dr. Einspruch stated that "she is given to exaggeration but that all the basic facts which she provides are true" and that "he had great faith in Miss Odio's story of having met Lee Harvey Oswald."
130. Memorandum to file from Gaeton Fonzi,, June 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009368).
131. Id. at 1-2.
132. Anti-Castro Cuban report, pars. 74, 75.
133. Summary of the testimony of Leon Brown, May 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassination (JFK Document 008343). Leon Brown appeared before the committee on Nov. 16, 1977.
134. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 107-109.
135. Id. at 109.
136. Id. at 110.
137. Ibid.
138. Ibid.
139. Warren Report, p. 730.
140. This evidence consists of statements to the committee and the Warren Commission by Silvia Odio regarding when Oswald allegedly visited her and other statements and evidence establishing Oswald's location at certain times (see Warren Report, pp. 323-24, for more details). While the committee agreed that Oswald would have had to have traveled by private transportation if he had visited Odio on the 25th, 26th or 27th, the committee did not agree with the Warren Commission conclusion that the evidence was "persuasive" that Oswald did not visit Odio at the time she said he did.
141. Warren Report, p. 377.

142. Id. at 402-404, 713-725
143. Id. at 725.
144. Id. at 726.
145. Id. at 728-729.
146. Id. at 406-412, 728, 729.
147. Id. at 407.
148. Ibid.
149. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 220.
150. Id. at 218.
151. Ibid.
152. Warren Report, p. 408.
153. Id. at 726.
154. Id. at 727.
155. Id. at 728.
156. X Warren hearings, 34-35.
157. Id. at 37.
158. Warren Report, p. 728.
159. Testimony of Carlos Bringuier, April 7, 1964, X Warren hearings, 34-36; deposition of Carlos Bringuier, May 12, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 61 (JFK Document 009084) (hereinafter Bringuier deposition).
160. Ibid.
161. Warren Report, p. 729; Bringuier deposition, pp. 61-62.
162. X Warren hearings, 37.
163. Ibid.
164. Warren Report, pp. 728-729.
165. Ibid.
166. Id. at 729.
167. Ibid.
168. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 226-230.
169. Ibid.
170. Ibid.
171. Ibid.
172. Warren Report, p. 729.
173. Id. at 39-42.
174. Ibid.
175. Ibid.
176. Id. at 729.
177. Ibid.
178. Warren hearings, 44.
179. Warren Report, p. 730.
180. CIA chronology on Lee Harvey Oswald, p. 126 A. & B.
181. Id. at 120, 126a.
182. Deposition of Reeves Morgan, Apr. 19, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 008501) (hereinafter Morgan deposition).
183. Id. at 10-12.
184. Outside contact report with Frances Fruge, Dec. 19, 1978 (JFK Document 015044).
185. Bernard Fensterwald, "Coincidence or Conspiracy," 1st ed. (New York: Kensington Publishing Corp., 1977), pp. 279-298, 451-457.
186. Memorandum from Patricia Orr re Clinton, Feb. 3, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 005003).
187. Deposition of Henry Earl Palmer, May 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 4, 5 (JFK Document 008499) (hereinafter Palmer deposition).
188. Deposition of Bobbie Dedon, May 19, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassination, pp. 4-5 (JFK Document 008498).
189. Palmer deposition, pp. 10-13.
190. Id. at 11; affidavit of Corrie Collis, Nov. 7, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 2-3 (JFK Document 013007).
191. Ibid.; testimony of John Manchester, Mar. 14, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 12 (JFK Document 008503); deposition of William Dunn, Apr. 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 12 (JFK Document 008497).
192. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 448.
193. Id. at 432.
194. Id. at 448.

195. FBI interview of Jack Martin, No. 89-69, Nov. 25, 1963.
196. Ibid.
197. Ibid.
198. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 428-438.
199. Id. at 429ff.
200. Ibid.
201. Id. at 439-437.
202. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 441; immunized testimony of Carlos Marcello, Jan. 11, 1978, pp. 58-63.
203. Id. at 430.
204. Id. at 431.
205. Ibid.
206. Testimony of Guy Banister, Aug. 5, 1963, FAA grievance hearing, p. 840 (JFK Document 014904).
207. Id. at 218.
208. Id. at 218ff.
209. Ibid.
210. Id. at 224.
211. Id. at 225.
212. Id. at 226ff.
213. Id. at 431.
214. Ibid.
215. Id. at 418ff.
216. Id. at 451; FBI document, interview of G. Wray Gill, Nov. 27, 1963, New Orleans field office, No. 89-69, p. 2.
217. FBI interview of G. Wray Gill, Nov. 27, 1963, p. 7.
218. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 450ff.
219. FBI interview of David Ferrie, Bureau No. 89-69, Nov. 26, 1963, p. 7.
220. Ibid.
221. Id. at 8.
222. Ibid.
223. Ibid.
224. Ibid.
225. FBI interview of David Ferrie, Bureau No. 89-69, Nov. 27, 1963, pp. 1-2.
226. FBI interview of David Ferrie, Bureau No. 89-69, Nov. 26, 1963, p. 3.
227. Ibid.
228. Ibid.
229. Id. at 9.
230. U.S. Secret Service report, New Orleans, Dec. 13, 1963, file CO-2-34,030, p. 5 (JFK Document 003840).
231. Id. at 1.
232. Id. at 5.
233. FBI document, Nov. 25, 1963, New Orleans office, No. 89-69, interview of Jack Martin.
234. Id. at 5.
235. Bringuier deposition; deposition of Carlos Quiroga, May 23, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009394); deposition of Luis Rabel, May 11, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009080).
236. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para, 491.
237. Outside contact report with Delphine Roberts, Sept. 1, 1978 (JFK Document 011196).
238. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 491.
239. Id. at 504ff.
240. Id. at 505.
241. Ibid.
242. Ibid.
243. Deposition of Adrian T. Alba, May 5, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 19 (JFK Document 009964) (hereinafter Alba deposition); see also interview of Jack Mancuso, Jan. 26, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (hereinafter Mancuso interview). Mancuse recognized a photograph of Oswald as someone who frequented his premises, Mancuso's Restaurant.

244. Alba deposition, p. 52; he remembered that Banister frequented Mancuso's. Mancoso interview; he recognized Banister and Ferrie as persons that frequented his restaurant.
245. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 488.
246. "The Persecution of Clay Shaw," Look magazine, Aug. 29, 1969.

References: Section C 4

1. Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), p. 333 (hereinafter cited as Warren report).
2. Id. at 333-365.
3. Id. at 374.
4. Id. at 357.
5. Id. at 796-797, 370-371.
6. Id. at 359-365.
7. Ibid.
8. Id. at 369-371, 801-802.
9. Id. at 370-371, 801.
10. Id. at 370-371.
11. Id. at 790.
12. Ibid.
13. Id. at 801.
14. Id. at 373.
15. "Organized Crime: Staff and Consultant Reports," appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d Session (Washington, D.C.; U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol IX, para. 603-655 (hereinafter HSCA report on organized crime,--appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings,--).
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid.
19. Warren report, pp. 792-793.
20. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 620ff.
21. Ibid.
22. Ibid.
23. Warren report, pp. 792-793.
24. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 620ff.
25. Id. at 1195-1270.
26. Id. at 1244-1268.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Id. at 1208-1209.
30. Id. at 1210ff.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. Id. at 1244-1268.
34. Id. at 829-830.
35. Id. at 1153-1196.
36. Id. at 656-793, 1153-1176.
37. Ibid.
38. Testimony of Lewis McWillie, Sept. 27, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 2ff.
39. Warren report, pp. 801-802.
40. Id. at vol. XXII, p. 859, Commission Exhibits 1442, 1443.
41. HSCA staff report on organized crime, para. 665-04.
42. Id. at 721ff.
43. Id. at 737-738.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid.
46. See FBI memorandum Nov. 6, 1959 on Ruby as a PCI, JFK Document 003040; executive session testimony of Charles W. Flynn, Nov. 16, 1977 (JFK Document 014669).
47. HSCA report on organized crime, pp. 737-738.
48. Testimony of Jack Ruby, June 7, 1964, V Warren hearings, 202 (hereinafter Ruby testimony).

49. See HSCA report on organized crime, para. 741.
50. Ibid.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid.
53. Id. at 665-676.
54. Id. at 741ff. inter alia.
55. Ibid; Ruby testimony, pp. 205-208.
56. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 678.
57. Id. at 743ff, 1105-1152.
58. Ibid.
59. Warren report, p. 369.
60. Ibid.
61. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 1144-1152.
62. Id. at 663.
63. "The Evolution and Implications of the CIA-Sponsored Assassination Conspiracies Against Fidel Castro" staff report, X appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings.
64. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 685-712, inter alia.
65. Id. at 685.
66. Outside contact report with Judge Burt W. Griffin, Sept. 27, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 015111).
67. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 710-712, 724-725.
68. Ibid.
69. Ibid.
70. Ibid.
71. Ibid.
72. Ibid.
73. Id. at 695-696, 704.
74. Ibid.
75. Ibid.
76. Ibid.
77. Id at 724.
78. Ibid.
79. Testimony of Santos Trafficante, Sept. 28, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 371.
80. Id. at 370.
81. Testimony of Ralph Salerno, Sept. 28, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 430 (hereinafter Salerno testimony).
82. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 794-830; narration on Ruby telephone calls, Sept. 26, 1976, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 496-499.
83. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 1341ff and 794-830.
84. Id. at 887-907, 794-830.
85. Ibid.
86. Ibid.
87. Ibid.; see also pars. 1153-1176.
88. Ibid.
89. Ibid.; see also pars. 1195-1270.
90. Id. at 829-830.
91. Id. at 831-864, 794-830; see also, Sept. 26, 1978, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 496-499.
92. Id. at 833-834.
93. Ibid.
94. Id. at 844-857.
95. Id. at 863.
96. Ibid.
97. Id. at 1356.
98. Id. at 1358.
99. Id. at 1359ff.
100. Ibid.
101. Id. at 822-823.
102. Id. at 827-828.
103. Ibid.
104. Id. at 818-821.
105. Ibid.
106. Ibid.

107. Id. at 954-958.
108. Id. at 960-961.
109. Id. at 958.
110. Id. at 859.
111. Id. at 499-602.
112. Id. at 499-513, 516-522.
113. Id. at 523ff.
114. Id. at 525.
115. Id. at 523-602.
116. Ibid.
117. Id. at 526ff.
118. Id. at 597.
119. Id. at 523ff. and 581-582.
120. Ibid.
121. Ibid.
122. Ibid.
123. Ibid.
124. Ibid.
125. Id. at 1367.
126. Id. at 599-600.
127. Id. at 547-566, 1367, inter alia.
128. Id. at 583-588.
129. Id. at 1367.
130. Id. at 547-566.
131. Ibid.
132. Id. at 558-559.
133. Ibid.
134. Ruby testimony, pp. 188-189.
135. Id. at 205.
136. Id. at 181-213.
137. Newsweek, March 27, 1967.
138. Ibid.
139. Warren report, pp. 336-337; XV Warren hearings, 71-96.
140. Ibid.
141. Interview of Burt W. Griffin, Nov. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations; statement of Burt W. Griffin, prepared for Seth Kantor, "Who Was Jack Ruby?" (New York: Everest House, 1978), pp. 201-202.
142. "Report of the Polygraphy Panel on the Subject of the Analysis of Jack Ruby's Polygraph Examination," VIII appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings (hereinafter polygraphy panel report).
143. Warren Report, pp. 807-816.
144. Id., XIV Warren hearings, 584, 598 (testimony of Special Agent Herndon).
145. Polygraphy panel report.
146. Ibid.
147. See, e.g., JFK Document 005089, 007359, 010450, 004770, 007421, and 015112.
148. Ibid.
149. Ibid.
150. Ibid.
151. Ibid.
152. Interview of Earl Ruby, Jan. 2, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations.
153. Ibid.
154. Interview of Irwin S. Weiner, Jan. 2, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassination.
155. Salerno testimony, p. 385.
156. Consultant's report on organized crime (hereinafter Salerno report), in "Organized Crime: Staff and Consultant Reports," para. 14-17.
157. Salerno testimony, p. 385.
158. Ibid.
159. Id. at 386.
160. Ibid.
161. See generally Salerno report, para. 30.
162. Salerno testimony, pp. 386-426, 437-453.

163. Task Force Report: Organized Crime, 1967, President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing office, 1967), pp. 1-3.
164. Salerno testimony, pp. 434-436.
165. Salerno report, para. 84.
166. Id. at 85-115, 154-176.
167. Salerno testimony, pp. 415-416.
168. Salerno report, para. 12.
169. Id. at 13.
170. Id. at 85, 154-176.
171. Id. at 248.
172. Id. at 186-201.
173. Hearings before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Government Operations, U.S. Senate, 88th Congress, 1st sess., Sept. 25 to Oct. 9, 1963, p. 23.
174. Salerno report, pars. 186-201.
175. Ibid.
176. Id. at 247.
177. Id. at 186-201.
178. Ibid.
179. Ibid.
180. See generally Salerno testimony, pp. 453-464.
181. Ibid.
182. Ibid.
183. Ibid.
184. Salerno report, para. 203-224.
185. Ibid.
186. Ibid.
187. Ibid.
188. Id. at 232-245.
189. Ibid.
190. Id. at 225-231.
191. Ibid.
192. Id. at 246.
193. Ibid.
194. Ibid.
195. Ibid.
196. Ibid.
197. Ibid.
198. Ibid.
199. Id. at 247.
200. Id. at 248.
201. Ibid.
202. Ibid.
203. Ibid.
204. Ibid.
205. Id. at 250; for a review of legal issues relating to electronic surveillance programs during that period, see hearings of the National Commission for the Review of Federal and State Laws Relating to Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance, (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1967), Volume 2, pp. 1637-1646.
206. Salerno testimony, pp. 428-429.
207. Id. at 427.
208. Salerno report, pars. 76, 251ff.
209. Ibid.
210. Id. at 118-176.
211. Id. at 157 (JFK Exhibit F-622, Sept. 28, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 446).
212. Id. at 161 (JFK Exhibit F-629, Sept. 28, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings 448).
213. Id. at 177.
214. Id. at 118-176.
215. JFK exhibit 618, Sept. 28, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 443.
216. Cf. Salerno testimony, p. 458.
217. Ibid.

218. Id. at 448 (JFK Exhibit F-630).
219. Ibid.
220. Id. at 177-178.
221. See ref. 205, supra, pp. 1596-1636 for a detailed discussion of the nature of conversations recorded by electronic surveillance programs. The commission provided a detailed overview of the structure, operation, and violent crimes of a well-know La Cosa Nostra family, as disclosed through an electronic surveillance program.
222. Salerno testimony, p. 454.
223. Ibid.
224. Salerno report, para. 166-176.
225. Ibid.
226. Id. at 170.
227. Id. at 169.
228. Id. at 170.
229. Id. at 174.
230. Id. at 178, 247, 294-295.
231. Id. at 251-285.
232. Salerno testimony, pp. 454-455.
233. Ibid.
234. Salerno report, para. 139-153.
235. Ibid.
236. Ibid.
237. Id. at 262.
238. Id. at 255-256, 266-269.
239. Ibid.; see also, para. 135.
240. Salerno testimony, pp. 454-455.
241. Salerno report, para. 269.
242. Salerno testimony, 454-346.
243. Ibid.
244. Id. at 31-43, 257-258.
245. Ibid.
246. Ibid.
247. Ibid.
248. Id. at 252-255.
249. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., Robert Kennedy and His Times (Boston: Houghton Mifflin co., 1978), pp. 615-616; interview with former Labor Department official, July 4, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 010423).
250. Ibid.
251. "The Warren Commission," staff report, XI Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, para. 277, inter alia.
252. Id. at 283.
253. Ibid.; see also para. 284; interview with J. Lee Rankin, Nov. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013218).
254. Executive session testimony of Burt W. Griffin, Nov. 17, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations, XI Appendix to the HSCA-JFK Hearings, para. 283.
255. Deposition of Courtney Evans, Sept. 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014003.
256. Ibid.
257. Ibid.
258. Interview of Al Staffeld, Aug. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 011096); deposition of Al Staffeld, sept. 7, 1978 (JFK Document 014929).
259. Salerno report, para. 173.
260. Ibid.
261. Id. at 281-284.
262. Id. at 288-294, inter alia.
263. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 300-427.
264. Id. at 428ff. 817-821.
265. Id. at 333-369.
266. Ibid.
267. Id. at 345; see also, immunized testimony of Carlos Marcello, Jan. 11, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 37-38, 55-77.

268. Id. at 431-479; see also, "Anti-Castro Activists and Organizations and Lee Harvey Oswald in New Orleans"; staff report, X Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings (hereinafter anti-Castro Cuban report).
269. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 431-443.
270. Ibid.
271. Id. at 442.
272. Id. at 491-497.
273. Id. at 431-440.
274. Id. at 457-490.
275. Id. at 461; see also, Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 489-516.
276. Id. at 464.
277. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 390.
278. Immunized testimony of Carlos Marcello, House Select Committee on Assassinations, Jan. 11, 1978, pp. 64-65.
279. Anti-Castro Cuban report, para. 460ff.
280. Warren Report, p. 292.
281. Ibid., HSCA report on organized crime, pars. 817-821, 908-923.
282. Ibid., HSCA report on organized crime; see also interview with Ovid Demans', Oct. 12, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 012587); FBI interview with Joseph Civello, Jan. 14, 1964, FBI file No. 92-2824-101.
283. Id. HSCA report on organized crime, at 908-923.
284. Id. at 370-418.
285. Ibid.
286. Ibid.
287. Id. at 376-389.
288. Ibid.
289. Ibid.
290. Ibid.
291. Id. at 390-398.
292. Ibid.
293. Id. at 331, 416-418.
294. Id. at 288.
295. Id. at 338-341.
296. Interview with Al Staffeld, Aug. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 011096).
297. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 321-322.
298. Ibid.
299. Id. at 284; see also Salerno testimony, p. 381ff.
300. Salerno testimony, pp. 415, 419.
301. "The Evolution and Implications of the CIA-Sponsored Assassination Conspiracy Against FIdel Castro," staff report, X appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings.
302. Ibid.

312. JFK Exhibit F-601, interview of Jose Aleman, Mar. 12, 1977, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 314.
313. Ibid.
314. JFK Exhibit F-602, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 311.
315. JFK Exhibit F-601, see ref. 312, supra.
316. JFK Exhibit F-602, see ref. 314, supra.
317. JFK Exhibit F-603, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 317.
318. Ibid.
319. Ibid.
320. Testimony of Jose Aleman, Sept. 27, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 301-324.

321. Testimony of Santos Trafficante, Sept. 28, 1978, V HSCA-JFK hearings, 373-377.
322. Ibid.
323. Ibid.
324. See JFK document 012007.
325. Salerno report, par. 85-176.
326. Ibid.
327. Id. at 288.
328. Salerno testimony, p. 386.
329. Ibid.
330. HSCA staff review of FBI files on Edward G. Partin (JFK document 012218).
331. Ibid.
332. Ibid.
333. Ibid.
334. Ibid.
335. Interview of Edward Grady Partin, July 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassination (JFK document 011314) (hereinafter Partin interview).
336. Ibid.
337. See ref. 330, supra.
338. Ibid.
339. Ibid.
340. Ibid.
341. Ibid.
342. Partin interview; HSCA staff review of FBI files on Edward G. Partin, supra.
343. Ibid.
344. Ibid.
345. Benjamin C. Bradlee, Conversations with Kennedy (New York: Pocket Books, 1976), pp. 125-126.
346. Ibid.
347. Interview of Walter Sheridan, July 10, 1978 and Aug. 24, 1978 (JFK documents 009777 and 010423)
348. Ibid.
349. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 794-831; IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 497-499.
350. Ibid.; see also, HSCA reporting organized crime, para. 887-907.
351. Id., HSCA report on organized crime, at 814-816, 822-828.
352. Interview with Walter Sheridan, Oct. 26, 1978 (JFK Document 012184).
353. "The Warren Commission," staff report, XI appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, para. 277; HSCA report on organized crime, 794-795.
354. Memorandum from Warren Commission General Counsel J. Lee Rankin to Deputy Director Richard M. Helms, March 12, 1964, "Jack Ruby, Activities and Associates."
355. HSCA report on organized crime, para. 1267; interviews with Allen Dorfman, July 14, 1978 and July 19, 1978 (JFK Document 009918 and 010043.)
356. House Select Committee on Assassinations staff review of FBI and Justice Department files on Frank Chavez; interview with Walter Sheridan, July 10, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009777)
357. Ibid.
358. Playboy Magazine, December 1975, pp. 83, 96.

References: Section C 5a

1. Testimony of John B. Connally, Sept. 6, 1978, hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol. I, p. 11 (hereinafter Connally testimony,--HSCA-JFK hearings,--); see "Politics and Presidential Protection: The Motorcade," staff report, appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), volume XI, par 12 (hereinafter staff report, The motorcade),--appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings,--.

2. Id., Connally testimony, at 14-18; id., staff report, The Motorcade, at 13.
3. Id., staff report, The Motorcade, at 4.
4. Deposition of Jerry Bruno, Aug. 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 27 (JFK Document 014025) (hereinafter Bruno deposition); testimony of Kenneth P. O'Donnell, May 18, 1964, hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965), vol. 7, p. 443 (hereinafter O'Donnell testimony,--Warren Hearings,--); see staff report, The Motorcade, para. 4.
5. Connally testimony, 28; see staff report, The Motorcade, para. 4.
6. Staff summary of interview of Frank Erwin, july 29, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 10 (JFK Document 010696); see staff report, The Motorcade, para. 4.
7. See Connally testimony p. 28.
8. Bruno depositon, p. 31.
9. Id. at 39-42; see staff report, The Motorcade, para. 34.
10. Testimony of Forrest V. Sorrels, May 7, 1964, VIII Warren hearings, pp. 334-335 (hereinafter Sorrels testimony). See Bruno deposition, p. 35.
11. Id., Bruno deposition, at 31-32; Jerry Bruno diary entries, ect. 31, 1963, p. 7 (JFK Document 011337); O'Donnell testimony, p. 443.
12. See Connally testimony, . 51; see also Bruno deposition, p. 49.
13. Ibid., Bruno depositon, p. 49; see Sorrels testimony, p. 337; see also Connally testimony.
14. O'Donnell testimony, p. 443; Jerry Bruno diary entries, supra ref. 11, p. 9; interview of Winston G. Lawson, Apr. 21, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 5 (JFK Document 007066); see staff report, The Motorcade, pars. 45-46.
15. Deposition of Bill Moyers, Aug. 16, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 23 (JFK Document 014018); deposition of Elizabeth F. Harris, Aug. 16, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 14 (JFK Document 013152).
16. Id., deposition of Elizabeth F. Harris, at 28.
17. Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), p. 2 (hereinafter Warren report).
18. See staff report, The Motorcade, para. 46, 48, 52, 58.
19. See e.g., preliminary special Dallas report No. 3 (interview with Lee Harvey Oswald by Captain Will Fritz), Nov. 29th 1963, p. 7 (JFK Document 013921); testimony of Joseph M. Smith, July 23, 1964, VII Warren hearings, 535; testimony of D. V. Harkness, Apr. 9, 1964, VII Warren hearings, 312.
20. See e.g., testimony of Ronald B. Fischer, Apr. 1, 1964, VI Warren hearings, 196; testimony of Seymour Weitzman, VII Warren hearings, p. 106.
21. See e.g., J.G. Shaw and L. Harris, "Cover-up--The Government Conspiracy To Conceal the Facts about the Public Execution of John Kennedy" (privately published, 1976), pp. 98-99.
22. See, e.g., interview of Seymour Weitzman, July 25, 1978. House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 006646); interview of D.V. Harkness, Feb. 7, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 005884); outside contact report with Ronald Fischer, July 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 010560).
23. Interview of Thomas Lem Johns, Aug. 8, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 2-3 (JFK Document 010695).
24. Interview of Forrest V. Sorrels, Mar. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 4-5 (JFK Document 007062).
25. See e.g., interview of Seymour Weitzman, July 25, 1978. House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 006646); interview of D.V. Harkness, Feb. 7, 1978, p. 1, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 005884); outside contact report with Ronald Fischer, July 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 010560).
26. CE 768, IV Warren hearings, 320, 322, 346.
27. Testimony of Joseph M. Smith, VII, Warren hearings, p. 535; see interview of Joseph M. Smith, Feb. 8, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 005886).
28. Outside contact report with James P. Hosty, Nov. 8, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassination (JFK Document 005886).
29. Deposition of Frank Leslie Ellsworth, Jr., July 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 91-92 (JFK Document 010903).

30. Executive session testimony of Robert E. Jones, Apr. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 1-25 (JFK Classified Document 014643).
31. Letter from Department of Defense to House Select Committee on Assassinations, June 22, 1978, p. 6 (JFK Document 009383).

1. "Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy," (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), p. 327 (hereinafter Warren report).
2. See FBI retrieval, preliminary draft of affidavits (JFK Document 011943).
3. Warren report, p. 327.
4. R.S. Anson, "They've Killed the President--The Search for the Murders of John F. Kennedy" (New York: Bantam Books, 1975), pp. 42, 48, 154-156, 165-166, 180-189; P.B. Scott, P.L. Hoch, and R. Stetler, eds., "The Assassination: Dallas and Beyond" (New York: Vintage Boods, 1976), pp. 466-468.
5. "The Investigation of the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy: Performance of the Intellegence Agencies," Book V, Final Report of the Select Committee To Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, U.S. Senate, 94th Congress, 2d Session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976), pp. 95-97 (hereinafter Book V).
6. Harold Feldman, "Oswald and the FBI," The Nation, Jan 27, 1964, p. 86; Joseph C. Goulden, "Ruby Posed As TV Cameraman's Helper to get at Oswald,"The Philadelphia Inquirer, Dec. 8, 1963, p. 22, col. 1; Lonnie Hudkins, "Oswald Rumored As informant for U.S.," Houston Post, Jan. 1, 1964, p. 1.
7. Interview of Alonze Hudkins, Mar. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 007998).
8. Ibid.; interview of Joseph Goulden, Mar. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 006452).
9. Warren report, p. 327.
10. Warren Commission Document 205.
11. Executive session testimony of a special agent of the FBI, Nov. 9, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 101 (classified JFK Document 014666).
12. Id. at 119-128, 137-138.
13. Id. at 107, 120-121.
14. Executive session testimony of a special agent of the FBI, Nov. 10, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 8, 16 (JFK Document 014637)
15. Id. at 26, 32.
16. Warren Commission Document 205.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid.; executive session testimony of a special agent of the FBI, ref. 14, p. 19.
19. Id. at 23.
20. Warren Commission Document 205.
21. FBI report to the House Select Committee on Assassinations re inquiry concerning page 696 of FBI Dallas Division report of special agent of the FBI, dated Dec. 23, 1963, July 12, 1978, pp. 9, 16 (JFK Document 010154) (page 696 of Warren Commission Document 205 corresponded with page 25 of the notebook report contained therein).
22. Ibid.
23. Id. at 10-11.
24. Id. at 16-17.
25. Id. at 16-17.
26. Id. at 18-39.
27. Hosty deposition, p. 5.
28. Id. at 7.
29. Id. at 34.
30. Ibid.
31. Id. at 34-35.
32. Ibid.
33. Id. at 36.
34. Id. at 37-38.

35. Commission exhibit 823, hearings of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964) (hereinafter 17 Warren hearings, 728); vol. 17, CE 824, Warren hearings 736 (exhibit 824); vol 26, p. 143 (exhibit 2758).
36. Administrative coversheets to 1962 FBI field report (JFK Document 006032).
37. Interview of John Fain, June 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009973) (hereinafter Fain interview).
38. See CE 825 XVII Warren hearings, 741-752.
39. Fain interview.
40. Interview of B. Tom Carter, Dec. 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013542).
41. Fain interview.
42. Interview of Arnold J. Brown, Dec. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013922).
43. Interview of Harry G. Maynor, Mar. 5, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 006901) (hereinafter Maynor interview); see ref. 38 supra.
44. Interview of Milton Kaack, Dec. 7, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013674).
45. CE 826, XVII Warren hearings, 758-762.
46. Deposition of William S. Walter, Mar. 23, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 3-6, 55-58 (JFK Document 006847) (hereinafter Walter deposition).
47. See ref. 38 supra.
48. Interview of John L. Quigley, Mar. 12, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009914).
49. Walter deposition, pp. 7-9.
50. Ibid.
51. Id. at 25-26.
52. Id. at 30-36.
53. Id. exhibits 85-86.
54. Id. exhibit 84.
55. Id. at 38.
56. Outside contact report with Sharon Covert, Mar. 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 006032).
57. Maynor interview.
58. Deposition of Orest Pena, June 23, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 5 (JFK Document 010136) (hereinafter Pena deposition).
59. Id. at pp. 11-13, 16-18.
60. Id. at 10, 18-20.
61. Executive session testimony of Warren C. deBrueys, May 31, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 28-30 (JFK Classified Document 014716).
62. Id. at 8-9.
63. Id. at 32-33.
64. Id. at 68-69.
65. Pena deposition, pp. 9-10, 12, 15-16, 21-22, 27-28.
66. Deposition of Adrian Alba, May 5, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 5 (JFK Document 009964) (hereafter Alba deposition).
67. Id. at 10-12, 20-30.
68. Testimony of Adrian Alba, Apr. 6, 1964, X Warren hearings, pp. 219-229.
69. Alba deposition, pp. 21, 24-25.
70. Interview of Adrian Alba, Feb. 14, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 1-2 (JFK Document 005961).
71. FBI memorandum from Cartha DeLeach to Mr. Mohr, Apr. 30, 1964, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013858).
72. Interview of Will Hayden Griffin, Mar. 14, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 009916) (hereinafter Griffin interview).
73. See ref. 38 supra.
74. Interview of J. Gordon Shanklin, June 26, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 009746) (hereinafter Shanklin interview).
75. Hosty deposition, pp. 6-9, 34, 54, 61-65.
76. Ibid.

77. Id. at 64-65.
78. Shanklin interview, p. 4.
79. Interview of Will Hayden Griffin, Dec. 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013543).
80. Id. at 96.
81. Id. at 96.
82. Id. at 97; Hosty deposition, p. 45.
83. Ibid.

References: Section C 5c

1. Testimony of John A. McCone, May 14, 1964, hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), vol. 5, pp. 120-121 (hereinafter Warren hearings).
2. Testimony of Richard M. Helms, May 14, 1964, hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), vol. 5, pp. 120-121 (hereinafter Warren hearings).
3. See, e.g., classified deposition of CIA employee, June 27, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 29, 32 (JFK Classified Document 014863); classified deposition of CIA employee, May 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 31-34 (JFK Classified Document 014731); classified deposition of CIA employee, Oct. 5, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassination of CIA employee, June 29, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 014725); and classified deposition of CIA employee, July 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 209-210 (JFK Classified Document 014718).
4. See letter from Chairman Louis Stokes to Adm. Stansfield Turner, Jan. 27, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 004889).
5. Letter from Acting Director Frank C. Carlucci to the House Select Committee on Assassinations, Mar. 23, 1978 (JFK Document 006837).
6. Classified staff summary of interviews with J. Maury and D. Murphy, June 14, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 014884).
7. Classified staff summary of interviews with Soviet Russia Division CIA personnel, Dec. 22, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014845).
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Executive session testimony of James Wilcott, Mar. 22, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 6-8 (JFK Classified Document 014672).
12. Id. at 11-13.
13. Ibid.
14. Id. at 8-12.
15. Id. at 13-19.
16. Id. at 38-39.
17. Id at 13f.
18. Classified staff summary re the Wilcott allegation, Nov. 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 6 (JFK Classified Document 014843).
19. Ibid.
20. Id. at 6-7.
21. Ibid.
22. Id. at 6.
23. Id. at 4-7.
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid.
26. Testimony of Richard M. Helms, Sept. 22, 1978, Hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol. IV, pp. 185-188 (hereinafter Helms testimony,--HSCA-JFK hearings.--); see JFK exhibit F-523, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 206.
27. Classified deposition of a CIA employee, June 27, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 5 (JFK Classified Document 014863).
28. Ibid.

29. See classified staff summary re opening of Oswald's 201 file, Dec. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (Classified JFK Document 014839); classified deposition of CIA employee, June 27, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 48 (Classified JFK Document 014863).
30. Helms testimony, pp. 189-191.
31. CE 910, XVIII Warren hearings, 115.
32. Classified staff summary re opening of Oswald's 201 file, supra ref. 29, pp. 1-3; see CE 917-918, XVIII Warren hearings, 115-116.
33. Ibid.; Classified deposition of a CIA employee, July 27, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 48 (JFK Classified Document 014863); Helms testimony, p. 186.
34. See text accompanying ref. 26, supra.
35. Classified staff summary re opening of Oswald's 201 file, supra ref. 29, p. 8; CIA classified summary responding to HSCA requests for explanations, March 20, 1979, p. 4226 (JFK Classified Document 015018).
36. Id. at 14.
37. Id. at 15.
38. See CE 931-933, XVIII Warren hearings, 131-135.
39. See JFK exhibit F-523, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 206.
40. Classified staff summary re opening of Oswald's 201 file, supra ref. 29, p. 17; deposition of CIA employee, May 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 014731); classified staff interview of CIA employee, Mar. 31, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 000077).
41. Classified staff summary re opening of Oswald's 201 file, supra ref. 29, p. 19.
42. Id. at 21.
43. Id. at pp. 21-23.
44. See JFK exhibit F-523, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 406.
45. See, e.g., classified deposition of a CIA employee, July 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 109-112 (JFK Classified Document 014718).
46. See, e.g. Helms testimony, pp. 188-189.
47. Classified staff summary re 201 opening sheet "AG," Dec. 10, 1078, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Classified Document 014836); CIA classified summary responding to HSCA requests for explanations, Mar. 20, 1979 (JFK Classified Document 015018).
48. Classified deposition of a CIA employee, Oct. 10, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 15-18 (JFK Classified Document 014717).
49. Ibid.
50. Ibid.
51. JFK exhibit F-523, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 406.
52. Classified deposition of a CIA employee, May 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 50-51 (JFK Classified Document 014731).
53. Classified deposition of a CIA employee, June 27, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 81-83 (JFK Classified Document 014863).
54. See JFK exhibit F-524, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 207.
55. Ibid.
56. Ibid.
57. Classified CIA summary responding to HSCA request for explanations, Mar. 20, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 015018).
58. Classified deposition of a CIA employee, Oct. 10, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 48 (JFK Classified Document 014717).
59. Ibid.
60. Id. at 46-47.
61. Id. at 45-47.
62. See JFK exhibit F-522, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 197; ref. 30 supra.
63. Helms testimony, p. 189; see "Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders," an Interim Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, U.S. Senate, 94th Cong., 1st sess. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975), p. 83.
64. Warren Commission Document 871.
65. Ibid.; see Report to the President by the Commission on Central Intelligence Activities within the United States (Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Printing Office, June 1975), pp. 209-210 (hereinafter Rockefeller Commission Report).

66. Interview of Monica Kramer, Feb. 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 005881); interview of Rita Newman, Feb. 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014431).
67. CIA FOIA Document No. 614-261, p. 1; classified staff summary re Minsk photograph, Nov. 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 3 (JFK Classified Document 014840).
68. Id., Minsk photograph, at 7-12.
69. Ibid.
70. Ibid.
71. Classified staff summary re HT-Lingual program, Dec. 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Classified Document 001438); see letter from George Bush to Subcommittee on Government Information and Operations, Aug. 10, 1976.
72. Ibid.; see Central Intelligence Exemption in the Privacy Act of 1974, Mar. 15, 1975, June 25, 1975, hearings before a subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, 94th Congress, 1st session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing office, 1975), p. 153.
73. Classified staff summary re HT-Lingual program, supra ref. 71, pp. 12-13.
74. Classified deposition of a CIA employee, July 20th, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 40 (JFK Classified Document 014735).
75. Classified staff summary re HT-Lingual index cards, Jan. 15, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Classified Document 014848).
76. Ibid.
77. Id. at 1-2.
78. Ibid.
79. Ibid.; classified deposition of a CIA employee, July 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassination, p. 24 (JFK Classified Document 014718).
80. Classified deposition of a CIA employee, Oct. 10, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 20 (JFK Classified Document 014717).
81. Classified staff summary re HT-Lingual index cards, supra ref. 75, pp. 2-3.
82. Id. at 3; see classified CIA summary responding to HSCA requests for explanations, Mar. 20, 1979, pp. 4218-4219 (JFK Classified Document 015018).
83. Rockefeller Commission Report, p. 2.
84. Classified staff summary re HT-Lingual index cards, supra ref. 75, pp. 5-7.
85. Id. at 6; see classified CIA summary responding to HSCA requests for explanations, Mar. 20, 1979, pp. 4218-4219 (JFK Classified Document 015018).
86. Ibid.
87. Ibid.
88. See ref. 1 supra.
89. See, e.g., Rockefeller Commission Report, pp. 209-210.
90. See R. S. Anson, "They've Killed the President-The Search for the Murderers fo John F. Kennedy" (New York: Bantam Books, 1975), pp. 172-173; see, generally, CIA FOIA Document 961-927 A.G.
91. See JFK Exhibit F-526, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 209.
92. Classified staff summary re CIA Oswald memorandum, Dec. 13, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 014847); classified staff summary re absence of Oswald debriefing by CIA, Jan. 22, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 014841).
93. Ibid.
94. Classified staff summary re absence of Oswald debriefing by CIA, supra ref. 92.
95. Classified staff summary of interviews with Soviet Russia division CIA personnel, supra ref. 7.
96. Classified staff summary re absence of Oswald debriefing by CIA, supra re. 92, p. 13.
97. Id. at 13-14.
98. Ibid.
99. Id. at 16; see classified CIA summary responding to HSCA requests for explanations, Mar. 20, 1979, pp. 4196-4198 (JFK Classified Document 015018).
100. Classified staff summary re absence of Oswald debriefing by CIA, supra ref. 92, pp. 17-23.
101. See Warren Report, pp. 434-440.
102. CE 908, 910, 917, XVIII Warren hearings, 98, 105, 115.

103. CE 931, XVIII Warren hearings,
104. CE 932, XVIII Warren hearings, 134.
105. CE 971, XVIII Warren hearings, 368.
106. CE 252, XVIII Warren hearings, 706.
107. CE 935, XVIII Warren hearings, 138, and CE 909, p. 104.
108. Ibid.
109. CE 823 and 824, XVII Warren hearings, 729, 736.
110. Letter from Robert L. Keuch, Department of Justice, to House Select Committee on Assassinations, Mar. 10, 1978 (JFK Document 006235).
111. Letter from Robert L. Keuch, Department of Justice, to House Select Committee on Assassinations, May 9, 1978 (JFK Document 008241).
112. CE 2677, XXVI Warren hearings, 32.
113. Warren Report, p. 258; see also CE 946, XVIII Warren hearings, 162.
114. Interview of Lewis Hopkins, Oct. 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 012886).
115. Ibid.
116. Ibid.
117. Letter from J. Lee Rankin to Richard M. Helms, May 25, 1964 (JFK Document 003782); see generally CE 2676, XXVI Warren hearings, 32.
118. Ibid.
119. Classified staff summary re Oswald's Soviet visa, Dec. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 3 (JFK Classified Document 014742).
120. Ibid., p. 4.
121. Ibid., pp. 4-5
122. Ibid.
123. Warren Report, p. 691.
124. See R. Anson, supra ref. 90, p. 135-137; Bernard H. Fensterwald, "Assassination of JFK--By Coincidence or Conspiracy?" (New York: Kensington Publishing Corp., 1977), pp. 566-567; P.D. Scott, P.L. Hoch, R. Stetler, eds., "The Assassinations: Dallas and Beyond" (New York: Vintage Books, 1976) (hereinafter "The Assassination").
125. Deposition of John A. McVickar, May 5, 1978, Home Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 18-19 (JFK Document 008487).
126. Id. at 3-4, 22.
127. Executive session testimony of Priscilla Johnson McMillan, Apr. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 10-17 (JFK Classified Document 014676).
128. Id. at 16.
129. Id. at 16-18.
130. Id. at 8-9, 61-62, 83-89.
131. Id. (exhibit 95).
132. Id. at 83-89.
133. Id. at 31-34.
134. Classified summary of interviews with soviet Russia division CIA personnel, supra ref. 7.
135. Deposition of Richard E. Snyder, June 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 18-19 (JFK Document 009264); CE 909, 914 and 919, XVIII Warren hearings, 100-117.
136. See, e.g., ref. 107 and accompanying text supra.
137. See, e.g., Bernard H. Fensterwald, supra ref. 112, pp. 221-222; M. Canfield and A. Weberman, "Coup d'Etat in America-The CIA and the Assassination of John F. Kennedy" (New York: The Third Press, 19750, p. 25.
138. Deposition of Richard E. Snyder, supra ref. 123, pp. 5-7, 11-13.
139. Id. at 13, 53-54.
140. Letters from the HSCA to Scott Breckinridge, CIA, June 8, 1978 and July 6, 1978 (JFK Classified Document 014971).
141. CIA FOIA Document 210-623, CE 528.
142. Classified CIA summary responding to HSCA requests for explanations, Mar. 20 1979, pp. 4200-4207 (JFK Classified Document 015018).
143. Outside contact report with William Vance, Jan. 9, 1979, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014140).
144. Interview with Dennis Flynn, June 16, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009534).
145. Interview of Dr. Alexis H. Davison, Jan. 10, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 004686).

146. CE 18, I Warren hearings, 50.
147. CE 994, XVIII Warren hearings, 616.
148. See, e.g., Bernard H. Fensterwald, supra ref. 112, pp. 219-221.
149. Davison interview, supra ref. 132; see also interview of Mrs. Hal (Natalia Alekseevna) Davison, Jan. 10, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 004685).
150. Davison interview, supra ref. 132.
151. Ibid.
152. Ibid.
153. Ibid.
154. Classified staff summary of interviews with Soviet Russia division CIA personnel, supra ref. 7.
155. For a detailed discussion of George de Mohrenschildt and his relationship to Oswald, see "George do Mohrenschildt," staff report, appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), vol. XII, par. 3 (hereinafter de Mohrenschildt report - appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, No.--)
156. Testimony of George de Mohrenschildt, Apr. 23, 1964, IX Warren hearings, 235.
157. Ibid.
158. Ibid.
159. See, e.g., Bernard H. Fensterwald, supra ref. 112, p. 212-214.
160. Interview of James W. Moore, Mar. 14, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014893); see ref. 65 and accompanying text supra.
161. De Mohrenschildt report, para. 33-34.
162. Id. at 35-36.
163. De Mohrenschildt testimony, supra ref. 143, p. 212.
164. Outside contact report with Roger Gabrielson, CIA, Feb. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014969).
165. De Mohrenschildt report, para. 44-45.
166. Id. at 46-51.
167. Warren Commission Document 75, p. 588.
168. Ibid.; deposition of William G. Gaudet, June 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 13, 20 (JFK Document 010347) (hereinafter Gaudet deposition).
169. Warren Report, pp. 299-311.
170. Warren Commission Document 75, p. 588.
171. CE 2123, XXIV Warren hearings, 663-691.
172. Gaudet deposition pp. 7-8.
173. Id. at 9.
174. CIA memorandum for Special Assistant to Deputy Director of Operations, subject: William George Gaudet, reference: CIA review staff memorandum 78-0110 dated Jan. 20, 1976 requesting information on William George Gaudet.
175. Gaudet deposition, pp. 21-22.
176. Id. at 10-13.
177. Id. at 11-12.
178. Id. at 13-14.
179. See R. Anson, supra ref. 90, pp. 156-159; The Assassinations, supra ref. 112, p. 474.
180. Folson Exhibit 1, XIX Warren hearings, 665; see also CE 1961, XXIII Warren hearings, 795-796.
181. Testimony of John E. Dovovan, May 5, 1964, VIII Warren hearings, 298.
182. Outside contact report, file review of department of Defense files of Robert Royce Augg, Richard Call, Nelson Delgado, John E. Donovan and Zack Stout, Dec. 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013677).
183. CE 1385, XXII Warren hearings, 705; see also CE 2682, XXVI Warren hearings, 41.
184. Department of Defense unit diaries, Dec. 5, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013485).
185. Id. at 183, 184.

186. Letter and attachments form Department of Defense to House Select Committee on Assassinations, June 22, 1978, p. 20 (JFK Document 009383).
187. Folson Exhibit 1, XIX Warren hearings, 658, 704.
188. Unit diaries, supra ref. 187, pp. 351, 356.
189. Folsom Exhibit 1, XIX Warren hearings, 668.
190. Warren report, p. 684.
191. CE 918, XVIII Warren hearings, 116.
192. CE 196, XXIII Warren hearings, 797. Se also unit diaries, supra ref. 187.
193. Folsom Exhibit 1, XIXI Warren hearings, 724-727.
194. CE 1114, XXII Warren hearings, 79.
195. Letter and enclosures from Department of Defense to the House Select Committee on Assassinations, Mar. 28, 1978, p. 2 (JFK Document 006729).
196. Folsom Exhibit 1, XIX Warren hearings, 723-741.
197. Id. at 724-727.
198. Id. at 728-733.
199. Letter and attachments from American Red Cross to the House Select Committee on Assassinations, Dec. 8, 1978 (JFK Document 013586).
200. Id. at 23.
201. Id. at 21-23.
202. Ibid.
203. Folsom Exhibit 1, XIX Warren hearings, 740, 743.
204. Id. at 727.
205. Id. at 723-727.
206. Outside contact report with Colonel William A. Cloman, Jr., Aug. 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013595); outside contact report with Lt. Gen. Charles H. Hayes, Dec. 10, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013593).
207. Outside contact report with Lt. Col. B. J. Kozak, Aug. 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013594).
208. Executive session testimony of Col. Robert E. Jones, Apr. 20, 2978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 18-19, 42 (JFK classified document 014677).
209. See R. Anson, supra ref. 90, pp. 283-285; P. L. Hoch, "Army Intelligence, A. J. Hidell, and the FBI," Oct. 8, 1977 (JFK Document 002538).
210. Testimony of Col Robert E. Jones, supra ref. 211, pp. 6-7.
211. Id. at 8.
212. Id. at 8, 11.
213. Id. at 8-9.
214. Id. at 19.
215. Id. at 17.
216. Id. at 17-18.
217. Id. at 18-19, 42.
218. Id. at 20, 42.
219. Id. at 10, 21.
220. Id. at 25, 34-37, 49-50.
221. Id. at 10, 50.
222. Id. at 20-21, 24.
223. Id. at 19-20.
224. Id. at 21.
225. Id. at 22-24.
226. Letter and attachments from Department of Defense to the House Select Committee on Assassinations, July 26, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 010247); JFK classified document 000103.
227. Letter from Department of Defense to the House Select Committee on Assassinations, Sept. 13, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 011964).
228. Letter and attachments from Department of Defense to the House Select Committee on Assassinations, June 22, 1978. House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009383).
229. Ibid.
230. Classified staff study: Lee Harvey Oswald, the CIA and Mexico City, Dec. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 72-81, 124-183 (JFK classified documents 014972-014975).
231. Ibid. for extensive detail.
232. Ibid.

1. Neal, Harry Edward, The Story of the Secret Service (New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1971), p. 15 (hereinafter Neal, Secret Service).
2. Id. at 18-19.
3. Id. at 17.
4. Id. at 20.
5. Id. at 22.
6. Id. at 22-23.
7. Id. at 23.
8. Id. at 23-24.
9. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "The Authority of the Secret Service to Protect the President,' Mar. 29, 1978, pp. 1-2 (JFK Document 006845).
10. Neal, Secret Service, p. 24.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "Presidential Protection and the Secret Service," Oct. 27, 1976, p. 2 (JFK Document 004157).
14. Neal, Secret Service, pp. 24-25.
15. Id. at 25.
16. Id. at 70.
17. Id. at 80-82.
18. Manchester, William, The Death of a President, (New York: Penguin Books, 1977), p. 37 (hereinafter, Manchester, the Death ...).
19. Id. at 35, 37, 131.
20. Id. at 121.
21. Manchester, The Death....
22. Letter from Chief of Secret Service James J. Rowley to J. Lee Rankin, General Counsel, Warren Commission, June 9, 1964, p. 2 (contained in JFK Document 012719, title of cover document: U.S. Secret Service--Protective Information Guidelines.
23. Id. at 2.
24. Executive session testimony of Robert I Bouck, Nov. 16, 1977, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 7-33 (JFK Document 014669).
25. See ref. 22, supra.
26. See Manchester, "The Death...," p. 36. For the extent of the Secret Service's reliance on the Dallas Police Department for manpower, see Lawrence Exhibit, hearings before the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), volume 20, pp. 489-496 (hereinafter - Warren hearings, --). For an assessment of manpower availability in relation to security needs, see testimony of Perdue W. Lawrence, July 24, 1964, VII Warren hearings, 583-584, 585.
27. U.S. Department of the Treasury Order 173-3, October 29, 1965 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965) (JFK Document 014978); see also ref. 24, supra, for Bouck's statements on 1963 PRS procedures for analyzing and disseminating threat data.
28. Secret Service case files, June 5, 1978 (JFK Document 008894); see also Secret service file re plot to kidnap Caroline Kennedy, May 10, 1978 (JFK Document 008219).
29. Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), pp. 463, 465 (hereinafter Warren report).
30. Id. at 443, 461, 464.
31. Id at 445-446, 465.
32. Id. at 463, 465.
33. Id. at 447, 466.
34. Id. at 449.
35. Id. at 461, 443.
36. Secret Service files review, Mar. 24, 1978 (JFK Document 006852).
37. Secret Service case file summaries, June 5, 1978 (JFK Document 008894).
38. Unpublished staff report on Secret Service files, Oct. 19, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 014588).
39. Commission Exhibit CE 767, XVII Warren hearings, 593; CE 768, p. 601.

40. Secret Service final survey report, Dec. 11, 1963, p. 7 (JFK Document 006183).
41. Secret Service supplemental survey report, Mar. 29, 1963, pp. 1, 2 (JFK Document 014457).
42. Secret Service supplemental survey report, Nov. 5, 1963, p. 1 (JFK Document 004867).
43. JFK Exhibit F-450, II HSCA-JFK hearings, 447; Secret Service supplemental report, Dec. 30, 1963, pp. 106 (JFK Document 006183); see also Secret Service memoranda of Nov. 12, 1963 and Nov. 14, 1963, Miami field office (JFK Document 008814).
44. For the article written by the Miami journalist, see Christensen, Dan, "JFK, King: The Dade County Links," in Miami magazine, September 1976, p. 25 (JFK Document 003360). Christensen could not document his assertion therein that a planned motorcade was canceled, other than to say that "many people" believed that a cancellation had taken place; see outside contact report with Dan Christensen, Feb. 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 004434). Persons cited by Christensen as sources for corroboration of his version of the cancellation did not recall that his version was correct; see outside contact report with the Honorable Seymour Gelber, Feb. 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013458); interview of Miami field office Special Agent Talmadge Bailey, Mar. 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 5-7 (JFK Document 009385); and interview of Miami Field Office Special Agent Robert J. Jamison, Feb. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 007063).
45. Secret Service master file on that subject Thomas Arthur Vallee (JFK Document 009581); Secret Service master file on Joseph A. Milteer (JFK Document 008814).
46. Interview of Secret Service Special Agent David Grant, Mar. 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 005890).
47. Interview of Presidential Appointments Secretary Pierre Salinger, May 30, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 009690).
48. Black, Edwin, "The Plot to Kill JFK in Chicago, Nov. 2, 1963," Chicago Independent, November 1975, pp. 7-8 (JFK Document 013589).
49. Secret Service master file on Thomas Arthur Vallee, memorandum of Nov. 6, 1963, p. 2 (JFK Document 008581).
50. Interview of 1963 Secret Service Special Agent Edward Tucker, Jan. 19, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 1-2 (JFK Document 004828).
51. Interview of Chicago Police Officer Lawrence Coffey, Jan. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 004831).
52. See attachment to interview of Chicago Police Department, executive assistant to superintendent of police, Richard Brzcek. 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, entitled "Arrest Report, Chicago Police Department" (JFK Document 008581).
53. Secret Service master file on Thomas Arthur Vallee, memorandum of Nov. 6, 1963 by Special Agent Thomas D. Strong, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 008581).
54. Id. at 1.
55. Id. at 1; see also interview of former Chicago Police Officer Lawrence Coffey, Jan. 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 004831).
56. Interview of former Chicago Police Officer Lawrence Coffey, Jan. 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 004831).
57. See ref. 42, supra.
58. For indication of receipt by PRS, see deposition of Secret Service Chief James Rowley, Aug. 24, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, Book II, pp. 8, 64 (JFK Document 014026); a report from a field office addressed to the Office of the Chief would be delivered either to PRS or to the Office of the Head of Protective Operations, Ed Wiley. For a copy of the Nov. 6, 1963 memorandum of Chicago field office Special Agent Strong, see ref. 55, supra; it concerned the Service's final preassassination contact with Vallee and was addressed to the Office of the Chief. For indication of nonreceipt by the agents coordinating preparations in Dallas, see testimony of Forrest Sorrels, VII Warren hearings.

338-339; see also interview of SAIC, Dallas Field office, Forrest V. Sorrels, Mar. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 3 (JFK Document 007062); and interview of Secret Service Special Agent Winston G. Lawson, Jan. 31, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 4 (JFK Document 007066).
59. Letter of Nov. 27, 1963 from ASAIC Maurice G. Martineau, Chicago, to Chief, Secret Service, in Secret Service master file on Thomas Arthor Vallee (JFK Document 008581).
60. Secret Service Report, Columbus, Ohio field office, Dec. 2, 1968 p. 2, in Secret Service master file on Thomas Arthur Vallee (JFK Document 008581).
61. Interview of former Chicago Field Office Special Agent Abraham W. Bolden, Jan. 19, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 2-6 (JFK Document 004825).
62. Id. at 3-4.
63. Id. at 4.
64. Id. at 3.
65. Interviews of Chicago field office ASAIC Mauice G. Martineau, Feb. 1, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 008483); and Chicago Special Agent Conrad Cross, Apr. 14, 1978 (JFK Document 009370); James S. Griffiths, Feb. 1, 1978 (JFK Document 005892); Gary McLeod, May 4, 1978 (JFK Document 007995); Robert Motto, Dec. 30, 1977 (JFK Document 008482); Joseph Noonan, Apr. 13, 1978 (JFK Document 009377); J. Lloyd Stocks, Apr. 12, 1978 (JFK Document 009372); and Edward Tucker, Jan 19, 1978 (JFK Document 004828). House Select Committee on Assassinations staff also interviewed White House Detail Advance Agent David Grant (see ref. 46, supra), who coordinated security preparations in advance of the President's scheduled Nov. 2, 1963 trip to Chicago. None of these agents provided any corroboration of Bolden's version of the Secret Service investigation of an alleged assassination team.
66. Interview of Special Agent Robert Motto, Dec. 30, 1977, p. 2 (JFK Document 008482).
67. Interview of former Special Agent Abraham W. Bolden, Jan 19, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 1-7 (JFK Document 004825).
68. Id. at 5.
69. The Honorable Seymour Gelber, "Diary of a Southern Prosecutor: (unpublished manuscript), pp. 414-415, 427-428 (hereinafter Gelber, Diary); see also the preface of this document, entitled "Summary" (JFK Document 002826).
70. Interview of former Miami Police Officer Charles H. Sapp, February 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 009419); see also interview of former Miami field office SAIC John Marshall, February 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 007063); and Secret Service report, Miami field office, November 12, 1963, p. 1 (JFK Document 008814).
71. Id., Golber, "Diary," at 426-427.
72. Interview of former Miami SAIC John Marshall, February 2, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 3 (JFK Document 007063).
73. Secret Service report, Miami field office, November 12, 1963, p. 2 (JFK Document 008814).
74. Secret Service report, Miami field office, November 26, 1963, p. 2 (JFK Document 008814).
75. Ibid.
76. Ibid.
77. Id. at 1-2.
78. Secret Service final survey report, Miami field office, December 30, 1963, p. 7 (JFK Document 006183).
79. Interview of Special Agent Winston G. Lawson, January 31, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 4, 9 (JFK Document 007066); see also testimony of Winston G. Lawson, April 23, 1964, IV Warren hearings, 321 (hereinafter Lawson testimony); see also interview of former SAIC, Dallas, Forrest V. Sorrels, March 15, 1978. House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 3 (JFK Document 007062); and testimony of Forrest V. Sorrels, VII Warren hearings, 338-339.
80. Gelber, "Diary," p. 433.
81. See ref. 79, supra, to Winston G. Lawson.

82. See ref. 24, supra, pp. 32, 58; see also deposition of Thomas Kelley, August 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 5, 54-56, 59-60, 64-65, 71-75 (JFK Document 014586).
83. Testimony of Forrest V. Sorrels, Apr. 7, 1964, VII Warren hearings, 338.
84. Manchester, "The Death..." p. 121; see also testimony of Kenneth O'Donnell, May 18, 1964, VII Warren hearings, 456.
85. Warren Report, pp. 447, 448. There is a discrepancy between Dallas Field Office SAIC Forrest V. Sorrels' 1963 protective policy toward traditionally used, publicly known parade routes and the policy of Secret Service Chief Rowley on that subject as set forth on p. 447 of the report. Sorrels testified before the Warren Commission that Main Street in Dallas was always used for parades (VII, Warren hearings, 337), yet Rowley stated to the Commission that, under such circumstances, extra caution was required in inspecting and securing buildings along the route.
86. Id. at 448.
87. Lawson testimony, pp. 327, 330.
88. Warren Report, p. 448, note 173.
89. Lawson testimony, p. 328; testimony of Perdue W. Lawrence, July 24, 1964, VII Warren hearings, 580; see also statement of Perdue W. Lawrence to House Select Committee on Assassinations, Nov. 4, 1977, pp. 2-3 (JFK Document 003102).
90. Outside contact report with Mrs. Ina Davidson, Aug. 11, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 010677); see also outside contact report re Ms. Mary Vallee, Mar. 9, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 1 (JFK Document 014490).
91. Outside contact report with Leonora Reddehase, Apr. 14, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 007494).
92. One or more representatives from each of the committee staff specialized investigative groups was consulted. None of Milteer's associates was identified by staff members as an associate of Jack Ruby, Lee Harvey Oswald or any of their associates.
93. Memorandum of conversation between Bernard Fensterwald and Bill Sommersett, June 5, 1978, p. 1 (JFK Document 014488).
94. JFK Exhibit F-124, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 116.
95. Testimony of Clyde Snow, July 25, 1978, HSCA-JFK hearings, IV 379-382.
96. Abraham Zapruder film for example, c. frames 160-313, JFK Exhibits F-211 to F-255, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 71-92; Orville Nix film, for example, JFK Exhibit F-267, I HSCA-JFK hearings, 110, and JFK Document 011265; and James Altgens photograph, JFK Exhibit F-559, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 372.
97. U.S. Secret Service School, "Principles of Protection of the President and Foreign Dignitaries" (training manual in outline form) (publisher not stated, 1954), p. 48 on chauffeurs, especially (2) (a); pp. 51-53 on mounting and dismounting moving automobiles, especially p. 55, section (12) on the lead car (JFK Document 006730).
98. Unpublished staff report on the Secret Service training facility at Beltsville, Md., Sept. 29, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 1-2 (JFK Document 012888). HSCA staff observed current members of the White House and Vice Presidential details react protectively in a variety of simulated attack situations. The task difficulty, degree of physical danger to the agents during the simulations, and realism of the 1978 training contrasts sharply with the "on-the-job" training which was standard in 1963; see also interview of Winston G. Lawson, Jan. 31, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 2 (JFK Document 007066); and testimony of James J. Rowley, Sept. 19, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 395.
99. Testimony of Roy H. Kellerman, Mar. 9, 1964, II Warren Hearings, 104. For the standard applicable in 1963, see U.S. Secret Service School, "Principles of Protection of the President and Foreign Dignitaries" (training manual in outline form) (publisher not stated, 1954), p. 98 at (g). Shielding a protectee with an agent's body during gunfire attacks is described as a "last resort" measure.
100. Testimony of Secret Service Inspector Thomas Kelley, Sept. 19, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 328; see also Lawson testimony, p. 321.

101. Interview of William R. Greer, Feb. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 2, 8 (JFK Document 014059); see also testimony of Thomas Kelly, Sept. 9, 1978, III HSCA--JFK Hearings, 328.
102. Interview of William R. Greer, Feb. 28, 1978 House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 5 (JFK Document 014059); see also U.S. Secret Service, "Principles of Protection of the President and Other Dignitaries" (training manual in outline form) (publisher not stated, 1954), p. 50 at (2)(a) : "The Driver of the President's car should be alert for dangers and be able to take instant action when instructed or otherwise made aware of an emergency."(JFK Document 006730).
103. Report No. 3947, Analysis of Recorded Sounds Relating to the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy, Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc., Appendix to the Hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d Session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979, vol. VIII (hereinafter BBN report, -- appendix to the HSCA--JFK hearings,--).
104. Testimony of Clinton J. Hill, Mar. 9, 1964, II Warren Hearings, 136-137; see also Lawson testimony, p. 338.
105. Warren Report, p. 445. The Warren Commission emphasized the lack of adequate definition, within the Secret Service, of the functions and responsibilities of the advance agents who arrive at the Presidential destination days or weeks beforehand in order to coordinate all protective aspects of the Presidential trip. Too much discretion was left to the individual advance agent, whose superiors ordinarily gave him only general instructions and no checklist.
106. Testimony of Clinton J. Hill, Mar. 9, 1964, II Warren Hearings, 138-140.
107. Interview of Thomas Lem Johns, Aug. 8, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 2,3 (JFK Document 010695).
108. JFK exhibit F-559, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 372; see also statement of Chief Counsel G. Robert Blakey at testimony of James J. Rowley, Sept. 19, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 397.
109. Warren Report, p. 450.
110. Ibid.
111. Ibid.
112. Testimony of Thomas J. Kelley, Sept. 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 327, 328.
113. See refs. 96 and 108, supra.
114. Testimony of former Secret Service Chief James Rowley, Sept. 19, 1978, III HSCA-JFK Hearings, p. 392.
115. Letter to ASAIC (Chicago), Maurice G. Martineau to Deputy Chief Paul Paterni, Nov. 27, 1963, p. 1 (JFK Document 007601).
116. Secret Service memorandum, Chicago Field Office, Dec. 3, 1963, p. 1(JFK Document 003668).
117. Id. at 1, 2.
118. Id. at 1, 2.
119. Id. at 4.
120. Id. at 4-5.
121. Id. at 2, 3, 4, 7.
122. Id. at 2-3.
123. Id. at 8 (distribution list, bottom left).
124. Id. at 3.
125. Secret Service memorandum, Miami Field Office, Dec. 13, 1963, pp. 1-3 (JFK Document 003842); see also deposition of Edward Tucker, July 18, 1978. House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 38-39 (JFK Document 010902).
126. Secret Service memorandum, Chicago field Office, Dec. 3, 1963, p. 7 (JFK Document 003668).
127. Id. at 6. A later phase of the Secret Service's investigation of Paulino Sierra is recorded in Secret Service memorandum, Chicago Field Office, Dec. 19, 1963, p. 5 (JFK Document 008429).
128. See, generally, "Anti-Castro Organizations and Activities and Lee Harvey Oswald in New Orleans," staff report, X Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, para. 342-388.
129. Id. at 350.
130. Id. at 351-365.
131. Id. at 376.
132. Id. at 379.

133. Secret Service memorandum, Chicago Office, Dec. 3, 1963, p. 7 (JFK Document 003368).
134. Id. at 4.
135. Letter from J. Edgar Hoover, Director, FBI, to Hon. James B. Rhoads, Dec. 28, 1970, pp. 1-2 (FBI-JFK File 109060, section 1744 at 6979).
136. Ibid.; see also deposition of Chicago Field Office SA Edward Tucker, Aug. 22, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 42-43 (JFK Document 010902).
137. Secret Service memorandum, Chicago Field Office, Dec. 3, 1963, p. 5 (JFK Document 003668).
138. Secret Service memorandum, Chicago Field Office, Dec. 19, 1963, p. 6 (JFK Document 008429); see also deposition of Joseph Noonan, July 14, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 21-23 (JFK Document 013260).
139. Testimony of James Rowley, Sept. 19, 1978, III HSCA-JFK Hearings, 392.
140. Ibid.
141. Id at 329.
142. Id. at 353.

1. Staff analysis of FBI file on the investigation of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, House Select Committee on Assassinations; "The Warren Commission," staff report, XI appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, (1979), vol. XI, par. 4-21, 201-203 (hereinafter W. C. report).
2. Ibid.
3. Staff analysis of Warren Commission records, documents, hearings and exhibits, House Select Committee on Assassinations; WC report, para. 1-21.
4. Testimony of Nicholas deB. Katzenbach, Sept. 21, 1978, hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, (1979), vol., pp. 644-645.
5. Ibid.

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References: Section D 3

1. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "The History of the Federal Bureau of Investigation," prepared for the committee.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Staff analysis of FBI file on the investigation of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, House Select Committee on Assassinations (hereinafter FBI-JFK assassination file); staff analysis of Warren Commission records, documents, hearings, and exhibits, House Select Committee on Assassinations; "The Warren Commission," staff report, appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), volume XI, para. 44-70, 113-227 (hereinafter WC report,--appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings,--).
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid., FBI-JFK assassination file; staff analysis of testimony before the Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities by FBI supervisors of the investigation on the Kennedy assassination, House Select Committee on Assassinations (hereinafter FBI supervisors testimony); WC Report, para. 113-227.
13. FBI-JFK assassination file; testimony of James Malley, September 20, 1978, hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), volume III, pp. 462-512 (hereinafter Malley testimony; --HSCA-JFK hearings,--).

14. Ibid., FBI-JFK assassination file.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. FBI supervisors testimony; Malley testimony, pp. 462-512.
19. Ibid.
20. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence staff interview with former Assistant FBI Director William C. Sullivan, April 21, 1976; House Government Information and Individual Rights Subcommittee staff interview with former Assistant FBI Director William C. Sullivan, May, 2, 1976.
21. FBI-JFK assassination file; FBI supervisors testimony; Malley testimony, pp. 462-512.
22. Ibid.
23. Testimony of former Assistant FBI Director Alex Rosen before the Senate Select Committee To Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Operations, April 30, 1976.
24. Ibid.
25. FBI-JFK assassination file; FBI supervisors testimony.
26. Ibid.
27. Interview of former Assistant FBI Director Courtney Evans, August 24, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations; deposition of former Assistant FBI Director Courtney Evans, September 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations.
28. Ibid.
29. FBI-JFK assassination file; FBI supervisors testimony.
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid., FBI-JFK assassination file; "The Investigation of the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy: Performance of the Intelligence Agencies," book V, Senate Select Committee To Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities, 94th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975), pp. 32-43 (hereinafter book V).
32. Ibid.
33. Id. at 6.
34. FBI-JFK assassination file; WC report, para. 113-227; Malley testimony, pp. 466-476.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid.
38. Ibid.
39. FBI-JFK assassination file; WC report, para. 163-205.
40. Staff analysis of the activities of FBI Special Agent James P. Hosty in connection with the investigation of Lee Harvey Oswald, House Select Committee on Assassination; deposition of James P. Hosty, Auguse 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations; book V, pp. 95-97.
41. Ibid.
42. Ibid.
43. Ibid.
44. Deposition of J. Lee Rankin, Aug. 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations; for a copy of the deposition, see "The Warren Commission," staff report, XI appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, 54.
45. Testimony of former FBI Inspector James Gale, September 20, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 513-557; FBI-JFK assassination file; book V, pp. 53-56, 87-93.
46. Ibid.
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid.
49. FBI-JFK assassination file.
50. "The Evolution and Implications of CIA-Sponsored Assassination Conspiracies Against Fidel Castro," X appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings, 80-86.
51. "B. Carlos Marcello" in "Organized Crime: Staff and Consultant Reports," IX appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings.
52. Ibid.

References: Section D 4

1. For a detailed history of the CIA and an explanation of the development of its organizational structure, see "Supplementary Detailed Staff Report on Foreign and Military Intelligence," book IV, "Final Report of the Senate Select Committee To Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities," 94th Congress, 2d session, Senate Rept. No. 94-755 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office 1976).
2. Walter Trohan, "Donovan Proposes Super Spy System for Post War New Deal," Washington Times Herald, Feb. 19, 1945.
3. Testimony of Allen Dulles, Apr. 25, 1947, hearings before the committee on S. 758, National Defense Establishment (Unification of Armed Services), Senate Committee on Armed Services, 80th Congress, 1st session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing office, 1947), pp. 525-527.
4. Report to the President by the Commission on Central Intelligence Activities within the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, June 1975).
5. Letter from Acting Director Frank C. Carlucci to House Select Committee on Assassinations, Mar. 23, 1978 (JFK Document 096837).
6. Letter from Chairman Louis Stokes to Admiral Stansfield Turner, DCI, Jan. 27, 1978 (JFK Document 004889).
7. Classified staff study, "Lee Harvey Oswald, the CIA and Mexico City," Dec. 15, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 122-150 (JFK Documents 014972-75) (hereinafter "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City"); see executive Assassinations, pp. 103-107 (JFK Classified Document 014739A); see generally deposition of CIA employee, Apr. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 46 (JFK Classified Document 014733).
8. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 115-122; see deposition of CIA employee, May 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 33-34 (JFK classified document 014730); deposition of CIA employee, Apr. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 84-89 (JFK Classified Document 014732); deposition of a CIA employee, Apr. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 46 (JFK Classified Document 014733).
9. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 142-143, 160-161; see deposition of CIA employee, Apr. 19, 1978. House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 29 (JFK Classified Document 014737); deposition of a CIA employee, May 17, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, pp. 78-79 (JFK Classified Document 014731); deposition of a CIA employee, Apr. 28, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Classified Document 014733); deposition of a CIA employee, May 18, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations, p. 37 (JFK Classified Document 014730).
10. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 124-177.
11. Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), p. 304 (hereinafter Warren report); see P.D. Scott, P.L. Hoch and R. Stetler, eds., "The Assassination: Dallas and Beyond" (New York: Vintage Books, 1976), p. 452.
12. "LHO, CIA and Mexico City," p. 137.
13. Id. at 137-141.
14. Letterhead memorandum from J. Edgar Hoover, FBI, to James J. Rowley, Secret Service Nov. 23, 1963 (JFK Classified Document 000169).
15. FBI material delivered to the House Select Committee on Assassinations, Nov. 30, 1978 (JFK Classified Document 00169).
16. Interview of J. Gordon Shanklin, June 26, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009746).
17. Interview of John Fain, June 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 009973); outside contact Report with James P. Hosty, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 015035); interview of Arnold J. Brown, Dec. 20, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013922); interview of B. Tom Carter, Dec. 6, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 013542).

18. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 180-184.
19. Testimony of Eusebio Azcue Lopez, Sept. 18, 1978, hearings before the House Select Committee on Assassinations, 95th Congress, 2d Session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), volume III, pp. 127-139 (hereinafter Lopez testimony, -- HSCA-JFK hearings, -- ; see interviews of Eusebio Azcue Lopez, April 1, 1978, Aug. 25, 1978, House Select Committee on Assassinations (JFK Document 007005).
20. JFK Exhibit F-440A, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 25, 69-70, 102-105.
21. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 206-234.
22. Id. at 246-247.
23. Ibid.; see JFK Exhibit F-440A, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 49-50.
24. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 76-78, 240-247.
25. JFK Exhibit F-438, III HSCA-JFK Hearings, 317, 319.
26. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 93-114.
27. Ibid.
28. III HSCA-JFK hearings, 24-25, 112.
29. Id. at 69-70.
30. Id. at 33.
31. Testimony of Alfredo Mirabal Diaz, Sept. 18, 1978, III HSCA-JFK hearings, 173-175.
32. Lopez testimony, p. 134.
33. Testimony of Joseph P. McNally, Sept. 25, 1978, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 352-353.
34. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 73-79.
35. Executive session testimony of Richard M. Helms, Aug. 9, 1978, pp. 10, 17-18 (JFK Classified Document 014719); see generally testimony of Richard M. Helms, Sept. 22, 1978, IV HSCA-JFK hearings, 9-12 (hereinafter Helms testimony).
36. "The Investigation of the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy: Performance of the Intelligence Agencies," Book V, Final Report of the Senate Select Committee To Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligene Activities, 94th Congress, 2d Session (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976), pp. 676-76 (hereinafter Book V).
37. "Analysis of the the Support Provided to the Warren Commission by the Central Intelligence Agency," Apendix to the Hearings Before the House Select Committee on Assassinations (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), volume XI, pars. 3-11 (hereinafter CIA support of Warren Commission, --Appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings,--).
38. Id. at 24-28.
39. Id. at 28-32.
40. Id. at 40-43.
41. Id. at 60; see also para. 44-45.
42. Id. at 49, 57-59.
43. Id. at 56; Helms testimony, p. 12; see Book V, p. 70.
44. CIA support of Warren Commission, para. 63; but see Helms testimony, 121-177.
45. Book V, pp. 6-7.
46. Id. at 7.
47. CIA support of Warren Commission, para. 133-162.
48. Id. at 69-132.
49. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," pp. 178-183.
50. CIA support of Warren Commission, para. 88-109.
51. Id. at 107-108.
52. Id. at 109.
53. See ref. 12 and accompanying text, supra.
54. Ibid.
55. "LHO, the CIA and Mexico City," p. 179; see CIA support of Warren Commission, para. 122-123.
56. Id. CIA support of Warren Commission, at 127-132.
57. Id. at 116-117.
58. Id. at 119.
59. See ref. 6 and accompanying text, supra.
60. CIA support of Warren Commission, para. 112-115.

1. "Report of the President's Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy" (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964), p. ix (hereinafter Warren report).
2. Id. at x-xi.
3. Ibid.
4. "The Warren Commission," staff report, appendix to the hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations, U.S. House of Representatives, 95th Congress, 2d session (Washington, D.c.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), volume XI, para. 113-276 (hereinafter WC report, -- appendix to the HSCA-JFK hearings,--).
5. Ibid.
6. Id. at 113-187.
7. Id. at 113-276.
8. Ibid.
9. Id. at 113-187.
10. WC report, para. 113-276; staff analysis of Warren Commission records, documents, hearings and exhibits, House Select Committee on Assassinations (hereinafter analysis of Warren Commission records).
11. WC report, para. 1-112.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. WC report, para. 265-277.
16. Ibid.
17. Analysis of Warren Commission records, para. 1-112.
18. Ibid.
19. Analysis of Warren Commission records; "The Investigation of the Assassination of President John F. Kennedy; Performance of the Intelligence Agencies," Book V, Senate Select Committee To Study Governmental Operation With Respect to Intelligence Activities (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976) (hereinafter Book V); WC report, para. 1-112.
20. Id., WC report at 265-277.
21. Ibid.
22. Id. at 271.
23. Id. at 277.
24. Staff analysis of Warren Commission records; id, WC report, at 1-277.
25. Ibid.
26. Testimony of Burt W. Griffin, Sept. 28, 1978, hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979), Volume V, p. 478 (hereinafter Griffin testimony, --HSCA-JFK hearings,--).
27. WC report, para. 44-70; Griffin testimony, p. 478.
28. Id., Griffin testimony, at 478.
29. Staff analysis of Warren Commission records.
30. Ibid.
31. Warren report, p. 18.
32. Id. at 24.