Viewing American Indian Treaties |
Treaty Between the U.S. and the Sauk and Fox Indians, November 3, 1804
The original ratified treaties between the United States and American Indian tribal nations are housed at the National Archives in Washington, DC, as the series, "Indian Treaties, 1722–1869" (National Archives Identifier 299798).
The original treaties are digitized and available online through multiple sources, including:
- The National Archives Catalog
- American Indian Treaties: Catalog Links includes links to the digitized treaties arranged by treaty date and tribal nation.
- Learn more about the Ratified Indian Treaties digitization project
- IDA Treaties Explorer
- This site includes copies of digitized treaties as well as historical and contemporary maps representing land cessions.
- Learn more about the Treaties Explorer partnership
The treaties are also available as NARA Microfilm Publication M668.
- Fold3.com and Ancestry.com offer digital images of this publication.
Additional Resources
Exhibits Including Treaties
- Rights of Native Americans includes a visual timeline of the history of American Indian treaties.
- Indian Treaties at the Museum of the American Indian provides information on original treaties on display in Washington, DC, and includes digital images.
Education Resources
- DocsTeach.org provides digitized images of selected treaties, with associated student activities.
- Education Updates Blog includes "The Importance of Treaties for Teaching American Indian History" (2014).
Related Records
- Treaties negotiated between American Indian nations and the U.S. government required ratification by the Senate before taking effect. Not all treaties were ratified by the Senate. Selected unratified treaties and related records are digitized in the National Archives Catalog (National Archives Identifier 300293).
- Larisa K. Miller's 2013 Prologue article "The Secret Treaties with California's Indians" explores some of the consequences of unratified Indian treaties.
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American Indian Treaties: Supporting Documentation provides information about journals of treaty commissioners, proceedings of councils, reports, and other records relating to the negotiation of both ratified and unratified Indian treaties.