Part III

Table of Contents

Part III: Records of Federal Agencies, Record Groups 208-428

[For more information about the motion pictures and sound recordings described here, contact the Special Media Archives Services Division, Motion Picture, Sound, and Video Unit, National Archives at College Park, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740. Telephone: 301-837-0526 Email: mopix@nara.gov]

[For more information about the records identified here as 'still pictures', contact the Special Media Archives Services Division, Still Picture Unit, National Archives at College Park, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740. Telephone: 301-837-0561 Email: stillpix@nara.gov]

Contents by Record Group (RG) Number

• 208 Records of the Office of War Information
• 210 Records of the War Relocation Authority
• 215 Records of the Office of Community War Services
• 216 Records of the Office of Censorship
• 218 Records of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff
• 220 Records of Temporary Committees, Commissions, and Boards
• 226 Records of the Office of Strategic Services
• 227 Records of the Office of Scientific Research and Development
• 229 Records of the Office of Inter-American Affairs
• 234 Records of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
• 237 Records of the Federal Aviation Administration
• 238 National Archives Collection of World War II War Crimes Records
• 239 Records of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas
• 242 National Archives Collection of Foreign Records Seized
• 243 Records of the U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey
• 260 Records of U.S. Occupation Headquarters, World War II
• 262 Records of the Foreign Broadcast Intelligence Service
• 268 Records of the Philippine War Damage Commission
• 270 Records of the War Assets Administration
• 286 Records of the Agency for International Development
• 287 Publications of the U.S. Government
• 306 Records of the U.S. Information Agency
• 319 Records of the Army Staff
• 331 Records of Allied Operational and Occupation Headquarters, World War II
• 332 Records of U.S. Theaters of War, World War II
• 336 Records of the Office of the Chief of Transportation
• 337 Records of Headquarters Army Ground Forces
• 338 Records of U.S. Army Commands
• 342 Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations
• 391 Records of U.S. Regular Army Mobile Units
• 407 Records of the Adjutant General's Office, 1917- e
• 428 General Records of Department of the Navy, 1947-

208.1 Still Pictures. The 200,000 images in the records of the Office of War Information constitute a pictorial history of the war, both on the U.S. homefront and on the battlefields, and illustrate wartime production, women in the war effort, and the roles of African Americans in the military, industry, and Government. Included are photographs showing Allied and Axis political and military leaders and troops; armaments; prisoners; military training, combat, and casualties; destruction to cities and towns; supply methods and lend-lease; the liberation of France, Italy, and other countries; V-E and V-J Day celebrations; surrender ceremonies; and German concentration camps. The records also contain photographs documenting meetings and conferences of international organizations, including the U.N. Conference on International Organization, and photographs of Office of War Information and Voice of America employees at work. Included also are posters and cartoons promoting conservation, war bonds, increased production, and the protection of military information; photographs used as illustrations in the magazines U.S.A., Photo Review, and Victory, 1943-45; and a file of Victory magazines. (All Series)

208.2 Motion Pictures. One of the best sources of motion pictures relating to World War II are the records of the Office of War Information (OWI). The Motion Picture Bureau of this agency served as the liaison between the Government and the motion picture industry in matters concerning production, distribution, and exhibition of films. The most valuable source is the United News series, produced under Government auspices in conjunction with the newsreel industry. The series includes approximately 250 issues, averaging about 10 minutes running time and containing six parts per issue. Designed for general audiences, United News reported on the international and domestic fronts. Some sample topics are Molotov's secret visit to the United States, Roosevelt and Churchill's meeting at the White House, food being provided to refugees by the Red Cross, the greeting of King Peter of Yugoslavia by President Roosevelt and his Cabinet, amphibious landings, the capture of Tarawa, the capture of the Philippines and Leyte Island, President Roosevelt's funeral, the San Francisco Conference, and end-of-year reviews. Included among OWI records are British, Free French, Indian, and Russian newsreels.

208.3 Other OWI films are generally documentary films relating to the responsibility of the OWI to promote an understanding in the United States and abroad of the progress of the war effort and of the policies, activities, and aims of the Government. These films reflect the official point of view on such wartime problems as inflation, rationing, job changes, housing, the need for scrap metal, and women in industry. "War Town," a typical example, uses Mobile, AL, to explain how war industries cause crowded cities. "It's Everybody's War" similarly dramatizes the gradual realization by a town's population that they, too, have wartime obligations. "The Cummington Story" dramatizes the integration of European war refugees into a small New England town. "Japanese Relocation" explains the official position and outlook on the methods used in removing Japanese from the West Coast of the United States and confining them to relocation centers. The well-known compilation World at War reviews international events from 1931 to 1941. General war news and domestic problems are shown in the skillfully made News Review (Nos. 1-5).

208.4 Sound Recordings. Among the holdings are 1,000 recordings of radio broadcasts, 1941-46, concerning the war effort on the home front; the Allies and their contributions to the war effort; the Axis Powers and their conduct of the war; domestic affairs; the progress of the war; the defeat of Italy, Germany, and Japan; the speeches of Presidents Roosevelt and Truman, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and others; and visits of world leaders to the United States. Included are recordings relating to international conferences, such as those at Casablanca, 1942, Dumbarton Oaks, 1944, and Yalta, 1945, and to the U.N. Conference on International Organization and the Charter Signing Ceremonies, 1945. Inter- national affairs, including the lend-lease program, U.S. aid to smaller nations, reciprocal trade agreements, and international Red Cross activities, are discussed. Also included are recordings relating to the opening session of the U.N. General Assembly and Security Council, the functions of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Monetary Fund, the World Health Organization, the U.N. Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, and the U.N. Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Overseas broadcasts include "Uncle Sam Speaks," "Voice of Freedom," "You Can't Do Business With Hitler," "We Fight Back," and a series broadcast to the Japanese by Capt. Ellis M. Zacharias. Domestic broadcasts include "This Is Our Enemy," "Soldiers of Production," "Three-Thirds of a Nation," "Neighborhood Call," "Hasten the Day," "Victory Front," and commercial daytime serials.

210.1 Still Pictures. Records consist of about 15,000 photographs documenting the activities of the Authority, and to a lesser extent the U.S. Army, in the relocation of Japanese-Americans. The photographs show Japanese-Americans before and during evacuation, and housing, vocational, educational, and recreational facilities at assembly and relocation centers. Included are photographs of displaced Europeans at the Emergency Refugee Shelter, Oswego, NY. (All Series)

210.2 Motion Pictures. The records of the War Relocation Authority (WRA) contain only five film titles. "Challenge to Democracy" favorably describes life in the relocation centers used to house Japanese-Americans during the war, illustrating living conditions, homes, schools, vocational training, recreation, and showing how the Japanese moved freely into the mainstream of American life after their confinement. "The Way Ahead" pursues a similar theme, showing Japanese-Americans at new jobs in the Midwest. "For Valor" shows Gen. Mark Clark decorating Japanese-American soldiers in Italy. "Go for Broke" is about the training of Japanese-American recruits. "Barriers and Passes," produced by the Presbyterian Church, shows living conditions in the camps.

210.3 Sound Recordings. These 28 recordings consist of descriptions of the work of the WRA and discussions about the war records of nisei soldiers.

215.1 Still Pictures. Records contain a 1943 filmstrip, "Prostitution and the War." (FS)

215.2 Sound Recordings. This collection contains "A Tribute to the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps," a National Broadcasting Company broadcast from Constitution Hall, November 13, 1944, sponsored by the Public Health Service.

216.1 Still Pictures. The records of the Office consist of four filmstrips relating to World War II censorship of telephone and postal service, international telecommunications, radio, and the press. (FS)

218.1 Motion Pictures. The nine reels of film in this series (1942-46) deal with the work of the Joint New Weapons Committee in the development of radar, radio, guided missiles, and other strategic weapons.

220.1 Still Pictures. Records consist of 203 photographs documenting the 1981 hearings of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, held to gather information on the relocation and internment of Japanese-Americans during World War II and to address the issue of compensation. (WR)

226.1 Still Pictures. The over 2,700 photographs taken between 1943 and 1945 by Office of Strategic Services (OSS) field station staffs in London, England; Kandy, Ceylon (Sri Lanka); and Kunming, China, document agency operations and personnel. Included are photographs of the aftermath of the Allied victory in Algeria and Tunisia in 1943; preparations for the Normandy invasion; OSS facilities in England and Scotland; U.S. Navy bases in Wales and Northern Ireland; bomb damage to London and Cherbourg, France; and U.S. and Chinese troops, ca. 1945. Also included are photographs of training programs and other activities at four OSS bases in Ceylon; military operations in Burma and the Ramree invasion; and OSS assistance to the British in the push to Rangoon.

226.2 Other OSS records include photographs of municipal buildings, industrial facilities, and urban centers in China, Japan, and the Philippine Islands; photographs of individuals referred to in OSS reports; and original art, printed materials, and photographs on display panels illustrating the activities of the Morale Operations Branch in creating and distributing propaganda. (All Series)

226.3 Motion Pictures. The OSS used motion pictures for intelligence analysis, enemy assessment, training, field operations, and development and testing of new military equipment. One motion picture included in the records is the long version (83 min.) of "December 7th," made in cooperation with the Navy Department under the supervision of John Ford. This film combines staged and actual footage of the attack on Pearl Harbor and highlights the accomplishments of Hawaii before the war. A shorter version went on to win an Academy Award in 1943, but the long version was never released during the war. Another film, "Japanese Behavior," attempts to explain the psychology and living habits of the Japanese people. "Geography of Japan" and "Natural Resources of Japan" concern Japan's ability to wage modern war.

226.4 In addition, records include 405 films produced or acquired by the OSS during World War II dealing with such varied topics as assessment of Axis industrial, mineral, and agricultural resources; sociological portraits of the Japanese people; use of military equipment and explosives; methods of sabotage and training of OSS commando units; operations in the Balkans; the Allied invasion of North Africa, Sicily, and Italy; the U.S. Military Mission to Yenan, China; the training of Polish agents and Chinese Nationalist troops; propaganda produced by the Nazis; OSS operations in the China-Burma-India Theater; a battery-powered gyroscope used to guide bombs to targets; survival training in the subtropics; aircraft fighters of the Axis powers; and OSS assistance to partisans in Yugoslavia, France, and Italy.

226.5 Sound Recordings. Holdings include a speech prepared for delivery to the German people by Gen. Ludwig Beck in the event of a successful attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler.

227.1 Still Pictures. Approximately 1,000 photographs from Technical Division 12 of the National Research Committee document experiments with amphibious vehicles. Also in the records are 87 photographs recording underwater ballistics tests. (D, RD)

227.2 Motion Pictures. The 15 items in this series (1943-44) consist of demonstration and test footage, primarily of rockets but including other equipment, such as an amphibious flame thrower, an amphibious truck (the "DUKW"), and a "relay radar."

229.1 Still Pictures. Among the records of the Office of Inter-American Affairs are posters and drawings illustrating the common danger the countries of North, Central, and South America faced from Nazi Germany and the need for inter-American cooperation; the Nazi subjugation of Poland; and the Nazi obliteration of Lidice, Czechoslovakia. Also among the records are approximately 3,000 photographs recording the activities of the Office in fostering hemispheric solidarity during the war, many showing defense production and U.S. military advisors in Latin America, and a few showing Brazilian troops fighting with the Allies in Italy. Also included in the records are photographs of Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox inspecting U.S. Navy crews in Brazil, and photographs recording visits from South American officials to the United States. The trips featured visits to military bases and defense industries. (P, R, AVB, DV, MV, PV)

229.2 Motion Pictures. Films sponsored by the Office of Inter-American Affairs helped promote better understanding and cooperation among the peoples of the Americas. Thirty-one films, in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, were made and distributed during the war, mostly on cultural subjects; some deal with Latin America's role in the war.

229.3 Sound Recordings. The 24 recordings in Spanish and Portuguese are of informational and propaganda broadcasts to Latin America about American war efforts and peace aims.

234.1 Still Pictures. Approximately 900 photographs relating to the activities of the Rubber Development Corporation, 1943-44, are with the records of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Pictured are rubber production activities in Brazil, Bolivia, Columbia, Haiti, and Peru; Corporation equipment and facilities; and agency personnel. (G, M)

237.1 Still Pictures. Only a few of the more than 5,000 photographs in the Administration's records relate to World War II. The photographs show aircraft. (P)

238.1 Still Pictures. The 5,000 photographs relating to war crimes trials show courtrooms, judges, counsels for the prosecution and the defense, defendants, witnesses, and prisons connected with the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-49; the U.S. Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, 1946-49; and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Tokyo, 1946-48. Also included are photographs of exhibits showing Nazi destruction of the Warsaw ghetto and other Nazi actions in Poland, 1940-41; the Krupp works, 1933-41; and negatives and proof sheets made from an 8mm motion picture film documenting Nazi mistreatment of men and women. (All Series)

238.2 Motion Pictures. During the proceedings of the war crimes trials held in Nuremberg, Germany, films were submitted as evidence in court by the prosecution. These films are now held by NARA. "The Nazi Plan" (in German), running almost three hours, is a compilation, based mostly on German footage, that describes the activities and explains the policies of the National Socialist German Workers' Party in Germany from 1921 to 1944. Much attention is paid to Nazi pageantry, speeches, methods used to control people, preparation for wars of aggression, and the war itself. A 2-hour version in English is also available. "Nazi Concentration Camps" is an edited information film based on footage shot by Signal Corps cameramen when the prisoners were liberated. Footage shows conditions of the camps, extermination facilities, starving prisoners, victims of medical experiments, uncovered graves, the dead being exhumed, and inspections by Generals Bradley and Eisenhower and by townspeople. Former inmates are shown speaking on conditions in the camps. Another item in the NARA collection is a record film of "The Nazi Supreme Court Trial of the Anti-Hitler Plotters," showing the defendants meekly testifying before judges who constantly berate them. This 45-minute version (in German) is considerably shorter than the original. Also included are German films on Germany'sentry into Austria; the construction of the Hermann G”ring steel plant, 1939-41; and Krupp armaments and politics, 1933-40. One film used in the Tokyo war crimes trials is "Japan in Time of Emergency." This film, released in 1933 by the Japanese War Ministry and the Osaka Mainichi Newspaper Publishing Co., praises the military and spiritual strength of the Japanese people and warns against Western penetration of Japanese society. The film also reviews the modern history of Japan, including its invasion of China. The narration is in Japanese.

238.3 Sound Recordings. The 2,000 recordings include the entire proceedings of the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, November 20, 1945-October 1, 1946, and recordings introduced in evidence before the tribunal. Included are stenographic recordings of a stalag (men's prison camp) conference, May 22, 1944. Also included are some speeches by Heinrich Himmler. The collection includes 844 sound recordings of war-crimes interrogations and speeches which were not introduced at the Nuremberg trials and which feature voices of Nazi leaders such as Himmler, Adolf Hitler, Hermann G”ring, Joseph Goebbels, and Albert Speer. There are also some 14,000 memo belt records of interrogations, 1946-49, conducted by United States investigators in preparation for 12 trials held subsequent to the Nuremberg trials and are primary source documents reflecting the role of the United States in governing West Germany from 1945-52. Further recordings by the Signal Corps consist of statements collected by the Interrogation Branch, Office of Chief Counsel for War Crimes.

238.4 Holdings include 8,000 sound recordings of interrogations of over 2,000 individuals, conducted by U.S. investigators in preparation for 12 trials held subsequent to the Nuremberg trials under auspices of U.S. military tribunals. Additional recordings by the Office of Chief Counsel for War Crimes include 6,000 recordings of the proceedings of the 12 Nuremberg trials.

239.1 Still Pictures. Approximately 19,650 photographs taken from 1943 to 1946 document World War II combat damage to areas in Europe, North Africa, Palestine, the Philippine Islands, Burma, China, and the Netherlands East Indies. Photographs show the destruction to cities and monuments, the effects of vandalism, and works of art looted by the Nazis; also shown are Commission employees. The photographs were taken or collected by the Commission, also known as the Roberts Commission after its chairman, Owen J. Roberts. Also included in the Commission records are pictures used in a 1946 photographic survey of cultural institutions and monuments in Frankfurt, West Germany, that were damaged during the war. (PA, RC, SFM)

See Records of or Relating to Other Governments.

243.1 Still Pictures. The records contain an estimated 5,900 photographs recording atomic bomb damage to property in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan, and showing people injured by and property damaged by U.S. strategic bombing to other cities in Japan. Also included are 8,300 photographs showing destruction in Belgium, France, Germany, and Italy. Over 300 photographs of Survey personnel and installations in Europe and Japan are also among the records. (H, G, NP, HP, R, E, F, A, B)

243.2 Motion Pictures. Strategic Bombing Survey films include approximately 90 reels of 16mm, silent, color footage showing destruction in Japan, including the results of conventional bombing throughout Japan and of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

243.3 Sound Recordings. The Survey recorded more than 360 interviews with Japanese civilians concerning the effects of American bombing on several Japanese cities. Most of these recordings are in Japanese. Also included is an eyewitness account of the bombing of Hiroshima.

260.1 Still Pictures. Almost 5,000 photographs were taken by or acquired by the Office of Military Government for Germany, U.S. (OMGUS) from 1943 to 1949. Among the subjects shown are OMGUS, military and civilian personnel, U.S. Government officials, military families, Allied military personnel, military governors, refugees and displaced persons, U.S. restitution activities, OMGUS headquarters, relief programs, and the Berlin airlift.

260.2 Also in the records are over 35,000 photographs taken by the U.S. Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands, showing Administration officials, programs, and activities. The photographs also document the political, social, economic, commercial, and cultural life of the Japanese archipelago after the war.

260.3 The records also contain hundreds of photographs relating to various aspects of postwar art restitution actions. Included are photographs showing collection, storage, and restitution activities at the Marburg, Munich, and Wiesbaden Central Collecting Points. Many of the photographs also show stolen art. (All Series)

262.1 Sound Recordings. Most of the more than 36,000 recordings are of Axis propaganda transmissions received and recorded by monitoring stations located in the United States. The propaganda was broadcast in several languages, including English, German, and Japanese. Of particular interest are broadcasts by Ezra Pound from Italy, October 2, 1941, through July 24, 1943; broadcasts over German radio by American citizens, including Fred Kaltenbach, Douglas Chandler, Edward Delaney, and Mildred E. Gillars (Axis Sally); and broadcasts originating in Japan or Japanese-held territory, including news reports and commentary by Iva Toguri D'Aquino (Tokyo Rose). Also included are recordings of speeches by Henri Petain, Pierre Laval, and Axis leaders Adolf Hitler, Joseph Goebbels, Joachim von Ribbentrop, and Benito Mussolini. There are also recordings of speeches by Presidents Roosevelt and Truman, King George VI, and other Allied leaders, 1940-47.

268.1 Still Pictures. Approximately 1,100 photographs show Commission personnel, office areas, claims processing activities, and war-damaged and restored buildings. (B, P, C)

270.1 Still Pictures. Among the records are approximately 2,800 photographs documenting the disposal of surplus goods by the Administration and the conversion of assets to peacetime use, and showing property and other assets of the agency. (RP, WA)

286.1 Still Pictures. The records include approximately 31,000 photographs taken by the Agency and its predecessors to document economic recovery programs in Europe under the Marshall Plan, 1948-67. Included are pictures relating to agricultural, land reclamation, educational, medical, technical, industrial, and military assistance programs. (MP, ME)

287.1 Still Pictures. Of the approximately 9,500 posters, charts, and other materials in the records advertising and promoting Federal agency programs and policies, several hundred pertain to the World War II period. Some of the agencies represented are the War Food Administration, the War Manpower Commission, the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, and the War Production Board. (P)

306.1 Still Pictures. The Economic Cooperation Administration, a predecessor of the U.S. Information Agency, in 1950 purchased the New York Times Paris Bureau photographic files; approximately 63,000 photographs in these files relate to the war. Photographs deal with such subjects as the Russo-Finnish War, 1939-40; the early phases of the World War II; activities of Allied and Axis armed forces; the liberation and Allied occupation of Europe following the war; and postwar international meetings, treaties, and conferences, including the organization of the United Nations. Also included in other series in the Agency's records are photographs used in filmstrips produced for distribution abroad by the U.S. Information Service; several of these relate to World War II subjects, including the Battle of Midway, the invasion of North Africa, women and the war, and the Marshall Plan. (NT, PS, FS, FSCE)

306.2 Sound Recordings. Holdings include a collection of 8,793 recordings, 1942-62, some of which relate to events on V-J Day and V-E Day; the signing of the United Nations charter; statements by Allied and Axis military and political leaders; news, documentaries, speeches, and interviews; and information created or acquired by the Voice of America.

319.1 Still Pictures. Several hundred of the approximately 14,000 Army Staff photographs documenting U.S. military activities and operations pertain to the World War II era. Many of the photographs were at one time restricted from public use. Pictured are a variety of subjects, including U.S. Army posts and camps; equipment and weapons; Army personnel; atomic bomb tests; prisoners and Axis war criminals; civilian and military casualties and Japanese victims of the atomic bomb; refugees; and postwar Japan. Also in the records is an album made by Japanese officials to show conditions in five World War II prisoner of war camps in Taiwan (Formosa). Included are photographs of prisoners engaged in animal husbandry and recreational activities, and participating in religious services; Lt. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright is among the several Allied military and civilian prisoners shown.

319.2 Records also include 82 photographs recording a German expedition to Tibet by Dr. Ernst Schafer, ca. 1940, and a few photographs taken by the Army Electronics Support Command, showing communications equipment and other electronic devices from the World War II period. (SF, CE, CF, PW, SCH, AESC)

331.1 Still Pictures. Among the records are approximately 3,000 photographs depicting Allied Headquarters personnel, and activities of the Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Forces (SHAEF), during the invasion and occupation of Europe. Included are pictures of refugees and displaced persons, prison camps, military trials, war-ravaged cities, and food rationing. Also in the records are photographs of charts used as illustrations in reports on Japan's population, and photographs of Japanese ambassadors, parliamentarians, and businessmen. Included are 147 photographs taken by the U.S. Signal Corps of paintings displayed in an exhibition of war art at the Ueno Museum, Tokyo, Japan, and printing proofs of charts, maps, and posters compiled by Gen. Douglas MacArthur's staff for a planned publication. (All Series)

332.1 Still Pictures. The records consist of 37 albums assembled by the American Graves Registration Command, ca. 1944-45, as a pictorial and historical record of temporary U.S. military cemeteries in the Azores, Belgium, England, France, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, and Northern Ireland. The album relating to the cemetery at Hamm, Luxembourg, includes photographs of the funeral for Gen. George S. Patton. (MC)

336.1 Still Pictures. The records of the Office include approximately 2,000 photographs recording the embarkation and disembarkation of military personnel and equipment from the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation, Newport News, VA. (H)

337.1 Still Pictures. The more than 1,000 photographs in the records of the Army Ground Forces show U.S. Army ranger training, amphibious-combat and equipment-landing techniques, mountain winter-warfare training, U.S. troops in North Africa, Universal Military Training, and Allied support for the D-Day invasion. Also included are a few photographs relating to the military career of Gen. Lesley J. McNair. (TNG, NA, FE, SL, GF, AV)

338.1 Still Pictures. Records include 18 photographs used as evidence in war crime trials, showing atrocities committed against Allied military personnel. Also included are 169 photographs documenting construction at Fort Richardson, AK. (WC, AKR)

338.2 Motion Pictures. This collection of 51 films, documenting the Malmedy massacre and other atrocities, contains footage of combat action along the Malmedy Line during the Battle of the Bulge, of Allied medical teams attempting to identify the bodies of troops killed during the battle, of Allied soldiers liberating prisoners of war, of Allied military commanders and medical staffs assessing atrocities and caring for victims in concentration camps, of victims showing and talking about how they were treated, and of the preparation of mass graves to bury the bodies of those who died in gas chambers or because of inhuman treatment and conditions in concentration camps. Also in this collection is an RKO News serial (1 reel), "The Western Front." Various military commanders, Gens. Dwight Eisenhower, Charles de Gaulle, and others appear in the films, which were assembled by the Judge Advocate Division, War Crimes Branch.

338.3 Sound Recordings. Four sound recordings from the Judge Advocate Division, dated May, June, and December 1944, contain testimony, statements, and eyewitness reports concerning the murder of U.S. prisoners of war.

342.1 Still Pictures. Command records include approximately 8,000 photographs illustrating the role of the Army Air Forces/U.S. Air Force during the postwar occupation of Germany and Japan, and 674 photographs showing bomb damage to European cities and landmarks. (G, J, CGB, CGC, CGD)

342.2 Motion Pictures. The U.S. Army Air Forces Special Film Projects series includes several documentary films relating to the war, such as "Target Tokyo," "D-Day Minus One," and "China Crisis," as well as films on incendiary attacks on Axis cities. "Memphis Belle," the story of a flying fortress, details the execution of an air raid over Wilhelmshaven, Germany, from a base in England. Considerable effort was made to portray the feelings of the men involved in this dangerous mission.

342.3 The Army Air Forces Miscellaneous series contains generally unedited or slightly edited scientific record film of German and U.S. aircraft used or developed during the war. The German footage is described in "Records of Other Governments Listings." The American footage includes testing of gliders, planes, helicopters, parachutes, bombs, and many types of ordnance. Planes are shown taking off, in flight, and landing, and several crash landings are recorded on film. Also included are outtakes of completed documentary films; for example, color outtakes from "The Last Bomb" show activities in the Mariana Islands and Guam, May to July 1945, that led to air attacks on Japan. Other subjects are award ceremonies, interviews, and visiting dignitaries. This series contains at least 40 reels of 35mm, wartime, commercial, newsreel clips relating to the activities of the Army Air Forces. Under File No. 17679 are grouped 19 reels (35mm) relating to the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The film project was begun by Nippon Eiga Studios and was later completed by the Strategic Bombing Survey, under the auspices of General Headquarters, with the assistance of the G-2 Naval Technical Mission in Japan and the Surgeon General's Office. The edited film, with English narration, is divided into the following parts: Hiroshima, physical damage; radioactivity; shadow and heat; biological studies; effects of the human body; radiation sickness and pathology; principal hospitals and first-aid stations; Nagasaki, physical damage; shadow; heat; blast; and epilogue.

391.1 Still Pictures. Included in the records are photographs from 1943 showing 5th Cavalry officers. (CA)

407.1 Still Pictures. Among the records of the Office are 16 scrapbooks containing photographs and newspaper clippings illustrating the histories of several military units, 1940-46. Are included are nonmapping aerial photographs taken during the war of areas in the Philippine Islands, charts used in chemical warfare defense instruction, 1942, and 11 watercolors depicting military aircraft and airfields. (US, PI, CW, AA)

428.1 Motion Pictures. The films in this collection (1941-65), unedited documentary motion picture footage of naval operations, were selected from the Naval Photographic Center (NPC) central file. The bulk of the footage relates to naval activities during World War II, mostly in the Pacific Theater. This footage, some of which was shot in color by Navy Department field units, provides a unique and comprehensive visual record of naval, aerial, and amphibious campaigns against the Japanese, and documentation of cruises, launchings, and military leaders. Interspersed are acquired newsreel clips and captured film. Also included is extensive footage of numerous aspects of naval aviation, ships and ship operations, crash landings, sea rescues, and submarines. The range of material covered in this collection is evident from the Subject Cards for Unedited Motion Picture Footage, which include the following categories: General Subjects, Ships, Medical Service, Aircraft, Geographical Locations, and Personalities. Within each category names and subjects are arranged alphabetically.

This web version, originally created in 1999 and periodically updated, may differ from the paper edition. Possible differences include: updated names of NARA organizational units, corrected errors of fact, and incorporation of new descriptive information. Whenever new descriptive information has been added, it has been coded to display between brackets [] and in italics. In addition, the main text has been artificially split into four parts, by record group, to improve efficiency of storage, retrieval, and use.