Civil War Photographs

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Engineers of the 8th New York State Militia in front of a tent, 1861. Local Identifier: 111-B-499. National Archives Identifier: 524918.

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Introduction

The Civil War was the first large and prolonged conflict recorded by photography. During the war, dozens of photographers--both as private individuals and as employees of the Confederate and Union Governments--photographed civilians and civilian activities; military personnel, equipment, and activities; and the locations and aftermaths of battles. Because wet-plate collodion negatives required from 5 to 20 seconds exposure, there are no action photographs of the war.

 
The name Mathew B. Brady is almost a synonym for Civil War photography. Although Brady himself actually may have taken only a few photographs of the war, he employed many of the other well-known photographers before and during the war. Alexander Gardner and James F. Gibson at different times managed Brady's Washington studio. Timothy O'Sullivan, James Gardner, and Egbert Guy Fox were also employed by Brady during the conflict.

The pictures listed in this select list of photographs are in the Still Picture Branch of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Most are part of the Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer (Record Group 111) and Records of the War Department General and Special Staffs (Record Group 165). The records include photographs from the Mathew B. Brady collection (Series Identifier 111-B), purchased for $27,840 by the War Department in 1874 and 1875, photographs from the Quartermaster's Department of the Corps of Engineers, and photographs from private citizens donated to the War Department. 

Photographs included in this select list have been organized under one of four main headings: activities, places, portraits, and Lincoln's assassination. Items in the first two parts are arranged under subheadings by date, with undated items at the end of each subheading. Photographs of artworks have also been included in the list. Any item not identified as an artwork is a photograph. Names of photographers or artists and dates of items have been given when available, and an index to photographers follows the list.

Many photographs of the Civil War held by the National Archives are not listed here. A list of selected fully digitized series are included below. Separate inquiries about other Civil War photography should be as specific as possible listing names, places, events, and other details. We have very few portraits of lower ranking individuals and much of our Civil War holdings highlight high-ranking military personnel. In addition, nearly all of our images of Confederates illustrate high-ranking officials and personnel. 

Sandra Nickles and Joe D. Thomas did the research, selection, and arrangement for this list and wrote these introductory remarks when this list was revised in 1999. Additional updates to this introduction were made as recently as May 2021. The photographs within this list are within the public domain and have no Use Restrictions. 

Fully Digitized Series of Interest:

• 111-B: Mathew Brady Photographs of Civil War-Era Personalities and Scenes
• 111-BZ: Photographs Relating to the Civil War
• 165-HV: Herbert Eugene Valentine's Sketches of Civil War Scenes
• 165-SB: "Photographic Sketch Book of the Civil War," by Alexander Gardner

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Activities

Army Life

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Ringgold Battery on drill. Local Identifier: 111-B-363. National Archives Identifier: 524783.

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1. Log hut company kitchen, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524671, Local Identifier: 111-B-252 

2. Soldiers at rest after drill, Petersburg, Va., 1864. The soldiers are seated reading letters and papers and playing cards. National Archives Identifier: 524639, Local Identifier: 111-B-220

3. A regimental fife-and-drum corps. National Archives Identifier: 524747, Local Identifier: 111-B-328

4. Winter quarters; soldiers in front of their wooden hut, "Pine Cottage." National Archives Identifier: 524675, Local Identifier: 111-B-256

Army Units

5. Engineers of the 8th New York State Militia in front of a tent, 1861. National Archives Identifier: 524918, Local Identifier: 111-B-499

6. The 26th U.S. Colored Volunteer Infantry on parade, Camp William Penn, Pa., 1865. National Archives Identifier: 533126, Local Identifier: 165-C-692

7. The 21st Michigan Infantry, a company of Sherman's veterans. National Archives Identifier: 525076, Local Identifier: 111-B-671

8. Ringgold, Ga., battery at drill. National Archives Identifier: 524783, Local Identifier: 111-B-363

Cavalry

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Pontoon across Rappahannock River, Va. (alson cavalry column.) Local Identifier: 111-B-508. National Archives Identifier: 524925.

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9. Army blacksmith and forge, Antietam, Md., September 1862. National Archives Identifier: 559270, Local Identifier: LC-CC-587

10. Dismounted parade of the 7th New York Cavalry in camp, 1862. Some mounted troops are in the background. National Archives Identifier: 524921, Local Identifier: 111-B-502

11. Federal cavalry column along the Rappahannock River, Va., 1862. National Archives Identifier: 524925, Local Identifier: 111-B-508 

Civilians

12. A black family entering Union lines with a loaded cart. National Archives Identifier: 559271, Local Identifier: 200-CC-657.

13. A refugee family leaving a war area with belongings loaded on a cart. National Archives Identifier: 55926, Local Identifier: 200-CC-306.

14. Black laborers on a wharf, James River, Va. National Archives Identifier: 524820, Local Identifier: 111-B-400

Communications and Intelligence

15. Allan Pinkerton, chief of McClellan's secret service, with his men near Cumberland Landing, Va., May 14, 1862. (Pinkerton is smoking a pipe.) Photographed by George N. Barnard and James F. Gibson. National Archives Identifier: 522914, Local Identifier: 90-CM-385.

16. Federal observation balloon Intrepid being inflated. Battle of Fair Oaks, Va., May 1862. National Archives Identifier: 525085, Local Identifier: 111-B-680.

17. Scouts and guides for the Army of the Potomac, Berlin, Md., October 1862. Photographed by Alexander Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533302, Local Identifier: 165-SB-28.

18. Constructing telegraph lines, April 1864. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 533336, Local Identifier: 165-SB-62.

19. Signal Tower at Cobb's Hill, near New Market, Va., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 533120, Local Identifier: 165-C-571.

20. A New York Herald Tribune wagon and reporters in the field. National Archives Identifier: 529494, Local Identifier: 111-B-5393.

Councils

21. President Lincoln visiting the battlefield at Antietam, Md., October 3, 1862. General McClellan and 15 members of his staff are in the group. Photographed by Alexander Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533297, Local Identifier: 165-SB-23.

22. Gen. George Thomas and a group of officers at a council of war near Ringgold, Ga., May 5, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 519439, Local Identifier: 77-HMS-344-2P.

23. Council of war near Massaponax Church, Va., May 21, 1864. General Grant is looking over General Meade's shoulder at a map Meade holds. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 559272, Local Identifier: 200-CC-730.

Engineering

24. Pontoon bridge at Bull Run, Va., 1862. National Archives Identifier: 524487, Local Identifier: 111-B-68.

25. Federal engineers bridging the Tennessee River at Chattanooga, March 1864. National Archives Identifier: 519418, Local Identifier: 77-F-147-2-6.

26. Digging the Dutch Gap Canal on the James River, Va., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 526202, Local Identifier: 111-B-2006.

27. The four-tiered, 780-foot-long railroad trestle bridge built by Federal engineers at Whiteside, Tenn., 1864. A guard camp is also shown. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 524900, Local Identifier: 111-B-482.

28. Pontoon bridge across the James River at Richmond, Va., 1865. National Archives Identifier: 533119, Local Identifier:165-C-568.

Foreign Observers

29. Diplomats at the foot of an unidentified waterfall, New York State, August 1863. Left to right: unidentified; State Department messenger Donaldson; unidentified; Count Alexander de Bodisco; Count Edward Piper, Swedish Minister; Joseph Bertinatti, Italian Minister; Luis Molina, Nicaraguan Minister (seated); Rudolph Mathias Schleiden, Hanseatic Minister; Henri Mercier, French Minister; William H. Seward, Secretary of State (seated); Lord Richard Lyons, British Minister; Baron Edward de Stoeckel, Russian Minister (seated); and Sheffield, British attache. National Archives Identifier: 518056, 59-DA-43.

30. A group of foreign observers with Maj. Gen. George Stoneman at Falmouth, Va. 1863. National Archives Identifier: 522913, Local Identifier: 90-CM-47.

31. Crew of the Russian frigate Osliaba docked at Alexandria, Va., 1863. National Archives Identifier: 518113, Local Identifier: 64-CV-210.

Generals in the Field

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Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant standing by a tree in front of a tent, Cold Harbor, Va. Local Identifier: 111-B-36. National Archives Identifier: 524455.

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32. Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant standing by a tree in front of a tent, Cold Harbor, Va., June 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524455, Local identifier: 111-B-36.

33. Maj. Gen. George G. Meade standing in front of his tent, June 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524434, Local Identifier: 111-B-16.

34. Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan and his generals in front of Sheridan's tent, 1864. Left to right: Wesley Merritt, David McM.Gregg, Sheridan, Henry E. Davies (standing), James H. Wilson, and Alfred Torbert. National Archives Identifier: 524427, Local Identifier: 111-B-9.

Medical

35. Wounded soldiers being tended in the field after the Battle of Chancellorsville near Fredericksburg, Va., May 2, 1863. National Archives Identifier: 524768, Local Identifier: 111-B-349.

36. Amputation being performed in a hospital tent, Gettysburg, July 1863. National Archives Identifier: 520203, Local Identifier: 79-T-2265.

37. Ambulance drill of the 57th New York Infantry, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524469, Local Identifier: 111-B-50.

38. Ward in the Carver General Hospital, Washington, D.C. National Archives Identifier: 524592, Local Identifier: 111-B-173.

Morale

39. " Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, Supported Gratuitously by the Citizens of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania." The picture includes a view of the outside and three small views of the inside. Lithograph by W. Boell, 1861. National Archives Identifier: 512769, Local Identifier: 15-M-40.

40. Chaplain conducting mass for the 69th New York State Militia encamped at Fort Corcoran, Washington, D.C., 1861. Photographed by Mathew B. Brady. National Archives Identifier: 533114, Local Identifier: 165-C-100.

41. Members of the Christian Commission at their field headquarters near Germantown, Md., September 1863. Photographed by James Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533327, Local Identifier: 165-SB-53.

42. Religious services on the deck of the U.S. monitor Passaic, 1864. Stereo photograph by Samuel A. Cooley. National Archives Identifier: 533272, Local Identifier: 165-S-165.

43. U.S. Sanitary Commission building and flag, Richmond, Va., 1865. National Archives Identifier: 524566, Local Identifier: 111-B-147.

Navies

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First ironclad gunboat built in America. The Saint Louis. Local Identifier: 165-C-630. National Archives Identifier: 533123.

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44. Battle between the C.S.S. Virginia and the U.S.S. Monitor, Hampton Roads, Va., March 9, 1862. Engraved in 1863 by J. Davies from a drawing by C. Parsons. National Archives Identifier: 518105, Local Identifier: 64-CC-63.

45. U.S.S. St. Louis, first Eads ironclad gunboat, renamed the Baron de Kalb in October 1862. National Archives Identifier: 533123, Local Identifier: 165-C-630.

46. "Men Wanted for the Navy!" Federal recruiting poster issued at New Berne, N.C., November 1863. National Archives Identifier: 516344, Local Identifier: 45-X-10.

47. Confederate ram Atlanta after being captured on the James River, Va., 1863. National Archives Identifier: 527533, Local Identifier: 111-B-3351.

48. C.S.S. Alabama, commerce raider, sunk June 19, 1864. Artwork by Clary Ray. National Archives Identifier: 512993, Local Identifier: 19-N-13042.

49. Ruins of the navy yard at Norfolk, Va., December 1864. Photographed by James Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533292, Local Identifier: 165-SB-18.

50. U.S.S. Commodore Perry, a ferryboat converted into a gunboat, Pamunkey River, Va., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524831, Local Identifier: 111-B-411.

51. Gun crew of a Dahlgren gun at drill aboard the U.S. gunboat Mendota, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524794, Local Identifier: 111-B-374.

52. Sailors and marines on the deck of the U.S. gunboat Mendota, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524548, Local Identifier: 111-B-129.

53. U.S.S. Onondaga, a double-turreted monitor, on the James River, Va., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524788, Local Identifier: 111-B-368.

54. Capt. John A. Winslow (3d from left) and officers on board the U.S.S. Kearsarge after sinking the C.S.S. Alabama, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524868, Local Identifier: 111-B-448.

55. A Union station on the James River established for extracting gunpowder from Confederate torpedoes, 1864. Photographed by Egbert Guy Fox. National Archives Identifier: 524854, Local Identifier: 111-B-434.

56. Confederate torpedo boat David aground at Charleston, S.C., 1865. Photographed by Samuel Rush Seibert. National Archives Identifier: 533129, Local Identifier: 165-C-751.

57. C.S.S. Manassas, armored ram. Artwork by R. G. Skerrett, 1904. National Archives Identifier: 512991, Local Identifier: 19-N-13004.

Ordnance

58. Columbiad guns of the Confederate water battery at Warrington, Fla. (entrance to Pensacola Bay), February 1861. Photographed by W. 0. Edwards or J. D. Edwards of New Orleans, La. National Archives Identifier: 519437, Local Identifier: 77-HL-99-1.

59. Confederate "Quaker" guns-logs mounted to deceive Union forces-in the fortifications at Centreville, Va., March 1862. Photographed by George N. Barnard and James F. Gibson. National Archives Identifier: 533280, Local Identifier: 165-SB-6.

60. The 13-inch mortar "Dictator" mounted on a railroad flatcar before Petersburg, Va., October 1864. Photographed by David Knox. National Archives Identifier: 533349, Local Identifier: 165-SB-75.

61. Confederate Napoleon gun used in the defense of Atlanta, 1864. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 528856, Local Identifier: 111-B-4738.

62. A 200-pound Parrott rifle in Fort Gregg on Morris Island, S.C., 1865. Photographed by Samuel A. Cooley. National Archives Identifier: 533271, Local Identifier: 165-S-128.

63. Confederate torpedoes, shot, and shells in front of the arsenal, Charleston, S.C., 1865. Photographed by Samuel Rush Seibert. National Archives Identifier: 533134, Local Identifier: 165-C-796.

64. A 15-inch Rodman gun in Battery Rodgers, Alexandria, Va. National Archives Identifier: 524772, Local Identifier: 111-B-353.

Photographers and Their Equipment

65. Two photographers having lunch in the Bull Run area before the second battle, 1862. National Archives Identifier: 522912, Local Identifier: 90-CM-42.

66. Mathew B. Brady under fire with a battery before Petersburg, Va., June 21, 1864. Brady, in the foreground, is wearing a straw hat. National Archives Identifier: 524765, Local Identifier: 111-B-346.

67. Brady's photographic outfit in the field near Petersburg, Va., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 529185, Local Identifier: 111-B-5077.

68. Barnard's photographic equipment, southeast of Atlanta, Ga., 1864. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 528870, Local Identifier: 111-B-4753.

Prisoners and Prisons

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Camp scene. Guarding Confederate prisoners. Local Identifier: 111-B-497. National Archives Identifier: 524916.

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69. Confederate prisoners captured in the Shenandoah Valley being guarded in a Union camp, May 1862. National Archives Identifier: 524916, Local Identifier: 111-B-497.

70. Three Confederate prisoners from the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1863. National Archives Identifier: 559274, Local Identifier: 200-CC-2288.

71. Baseball game between Union prisoners at Salisbury, N.C., 1863. Lithograph of a drawing by Maj. Otto Boetticher. National Archives Identifier: 530502, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1952.

72. Issuing rations. Andersonville Prison, Ga., August 17, 1864. Photographed by A. J. Riddle. National Archives Identifier: 533034, Local Identifier: 165-A-445.

73. Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., April 1865. Photographed by Alexander Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533362, Local Identifier: 165-SB-89.

74. Old Capitol Prison, Washington, D.C. National Archives Identifier: 526486, Local Identifier: 111-B-2292.

Quartermaster and Commissary

75. Commissary Department, Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, Brandy Station, Va., February 1864. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 533335, Local Identifier: 165-SB-61.

76. Burying the dead at Fredericksburg, Va., after the Wilderness Campaign, May 1864. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 528928, Local Identifier: 111-B-4817.

77. Landing supplies at the wharf at City Point, Va., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524571, Local Identifier: 111-B-152.

78. Men of the Quartermaster's Department building transport steamers on the Tennessee River at Chattanooga, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 533135, Local Identifier: 165-C-1068.

Railroads

79. Excavating for a "Y" at Devereux Station on the orange and Alexandria Railroad. Brig. Gen. Hermann Haupt, Chief of Construction and Transportation, U.S. Military Railroads, is standing on the bank supervising the work. The "General Haupt," the engine pulling the train in the photograph, was named in Haupt's honor. Photographed by Capt. Andrew J. Russell. National Archives Identifier: 528988, Local Identifier: 111-B-4877.

80. Station at Hanover Junction, Pa., showing an engine and cars. In November 1863 Lincoln had to change trains at this point to dedicate the Gettysburg Battlefield. National Archives Identifier: 524502, Local Identifier: 111-B-83.

81. U.S. Military Railroads engine "General Haupt," built in 1863. National Archives Identifier: 529255, Local Identifier: 111-B-5149.

82. Ruins of the Confederate enginehouse at Atlanta, Ga., September 1864, showing the engines "Telegraph" and "O.A. Bull." National Archives Identifier: 528865, Local Identifier: 111-B-4748.

83. Ruins of Hood's 28-car ammunition train and the Schofield Rolling Mill, near Atlanta, Ga., September 1864. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 528899, Local Identifier: 111-B-4786.

84. Depot of the U.S. Military Railroads, City Point, Va., 1864, showing the engine "President." National Archives Identifier: 528971, Local Identifier: 111-B-4860.

85. U.S. Military Railroads engine No.137, built in l864 in the yards at Chattanooga, Tenn., with troops lined up in the background. National Archives Identifier: 526201, Local Identifier: 111-B-2005.

86. The engine "Firefly" on a trestle of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad. National Archives Identifier: 524604, Local Identifier: 111-B-185.

Places

Battle Areas

87. Fort Sumter, S.C., April 14, 1861, under the Confederate flag. National Archives Identifier: 532292, Local Identifier: 121-BA-914A.

88. Ruins of Stone Bridge, Bull Run, Va., March 1862. Photographed by George N. Barnard and James F. Gibson. National Archives Identifier: 533281, Local Identifier: 165-SB-7.

89. Confederate fortifications, Manassas, Va., March 1862. Photographed by George N. Barnard and James F. Gibson. National Archives Identifier: 533285, Local Identifier: 165-SB-11.

90. "General Headquarters near Yorktown, Va., April 1862." Watercolor by William Mcllvaine. National Archives Identifier: 559420, Local Identifier: 200-WM-8.

91. Main street and church guarded by Union soldiers, Centreville, Va., May 1862. Photographed by George N. Barnard and James F. Gibson. National Archives Identifier: 533278, Local Identifier: 165-SB-4.

92. "Battle of Gaines Mill, Valley of the Chickahominy, Virginia, June 27, 1862." Artwork by Prince de Joinville. National Archives Identifier: 530495, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1507.

93. Antietam Bridge, Md., September 1862. Soldiers and wagons are crossing the bridge. Photographed by Alexander Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533293, Local Identifier: 165-SB-19.

94. Street scene, Warrenton, Va., ca. 1862. National Archives Identifier: 529340, Local Identifier: 111-B-5236.

95. Fredericksburg, Va., February 1863. View from across the Rappahannock River. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 533304, Local Identifier: 165-SB-30.

96. Confederate dead behind the stone wall of Marye's Heights, Fredericksburg, Va., killed during the Battle of Chancellorsville, May 1863. Photographed by Capt. Andrew J. Russell. National Archives Identifier: 524930, Local Identifier: 111-B-514.

97. Fairfax Court House, Virginia, with Union soldiers in front and on the roof, June 1863. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 528872, Local Identifier: 111-B-4755.

98. Dead Confederate sharpshooter in the Devil's Den, Gettysburg, Pa., July 1863. Photographed by Alexander Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533315, Local Identifier: 165-SB-41.

99. Union and Confederate dead, Gettysburg Battlefield, Pa., July 1863. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 533310, Local Identifier: 165-SB-36.

100. Lee and Gordon's Mills. Chickamauga Battlefield, Ga., 1863. National Archives Identifier: 528904, Local Identifier: 111-B-4791.

101. General Meade's headquarters. Culpeper, Va., 1863. National Archives Identifier: 518112, Local Identifier:  64-CV-182.

102. Capt. Edmund C. Bainbridge's Battery A, 1st U.S. Artillery, at the siege of Port Hudson, La., 1863. National Archives Identifier: 533151, Local Identifier: 165-CN-12545.

103. Palisades and chevaux-de-frise in front of the Potter House, Atlanta, Ga., 1864. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 525131, Local Identifier: 111-B-726.

104. Peachtree Street with wagon traffic, Atlanta, Ga., 1864. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 533419, Local Identifier: 165-SC-46.

105. Street scene showing Sutlers Row, Chattanooga, Tenn., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524928, Local Identifier: 111-B-512.

106. Fort Morgan, Mobile Point, Ala., 1864, showing damage to the south side of the fort. National Archives Identifier: 519417, Local Identifier: 77-F-82-70.

107. Union entrenchments near Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., 1864. National Archives Identifier: 524941, Local Identifier: 111-B-531.

108. Nashville, Tenn., view from the capitol, 1864. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 533376, Local Identifier: 165-SC-3.

109. The "Pulpit" after capture, Fort Fisher, N.C., January 1865. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 533353, Local Identifier: 165-SB-79.

110. Harpers Ferry, W Va., July 1865. High-angle view showing the confluence of the Shenandoah and Potomac Rivers. Photographed by James Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 533300, Local Identifier: 165-SB-26.

111. McLean house where General Lee surrendered. Appomattox Court House, Va., April 1865. Photographed by Timothy H. O'Sullivan. National Archives Identifier: 533371, Local Identifier: 165-SB-99.

112. Ruins seen from the Circular Church, Charleston, S.C., 1865. National Archives Identifier: 528788, Local Identifier: 111-B-4667.

113. Ruins seen from the capitol, Columbia, S.C., 1865. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 533426, Local Identifier: 165-SC-53.

114. Fort Sumter, S.C., viewed from a sandbar in Charleston Harbor, 1865. Photographed by George N. Barnard. National Archives Identifier: 533429, Local Identifier: 165-SC-56.

115. Soldiers in the trenches before battle, Petersburg, Va., 1865. National Archives Identifier 524576, Local Identifier: 111-B-157.
(The Petersburg identification appearing in the official caption for this photograph received by NARA from the Army Signal Corps has been disputed. Civil War historians and photo-historians have uncovered documentary evidence suggesting that this image of Union forces was taken by Andrew J. Russell just before the Second Battle of Fredericksburg in the spring of 1863. For more information, please see the item in the National Archives Catalog.)

Richmond, Va.

116. High-angle view toward the capitol, 1862. National Archives Identifier: 524454, Local Identifier: 111-B-35.

117. Ruins in front of the Capitol, 1865. National Archives Identifier: 524971, Local Identifier: 111-B-562.

118. Silhouette of ruins of Haxall's mills, 1865, showing some of the destruction caused by a Confederate attempt to burn Richmond. National Archives Identifier: 524556, Local Identifier: 111-B-137.

119. The "White House of the Confederacy," Jefferson Davis' home. National Archives Identifier: 524472, Local Identifier: 111-B-53.

Washington, D.C., and Environs

120. The U.S. Capitol under construction, 1860. National Archives Identifier: 530494, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1480.

121. Fort Massachusetts, sally port and soldiers, 1861. The fort was renamed Fort Stevens in 1863. National Archives Identifier: 524897, Local Identifier: 111-B-479.

122. General view of 96th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment during drill at Camp Northumberland, with the camp in the background, 1861. National Archives Identifier: 524905, Local Identifier: 111-B-487.

123. Barricades on Duke Street, Alexandria, Va., erected to protect the Orange and Alexandria Railroad from Confederate cavalry, 1861. National Archives Identifier: 524934, Local Identifier: 111-B-523.

124. Slave pen of Price, Birch, & Co., Alexandria, Va., August 1863. Photographed by William R. Pywell. National Archives Identifier: 533276, Local Identifier: 165-SB-2.

125. East front of Arlington Mansion (General Lee's home), with Union soldiers on the lawn, June 28, 1864. National Archives Identifier: 533118, Local Identifier: 165-C-518.

126. Grand review of Union troops, May 23-24, 1865, looking down Pennsylvania Avenue toward the Capitol. Artwork by James E. Taylor, July 1, 1881. National Archives Identifier: 530486, Local Identifier: 111-BA-69.

127. General view of the city from the south toward the Treasury Building and the White House. Cows are grazing near Tiber Creek. National Archives Identifier: 529253, Local Identifier: 111-B-5147.

128. Smithsonian Institution Building in a field of daisies. National Archives Identifier: 528794, Local Identifier: 111-B-4672.

Portraits

Abolitionists

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Brown, John; bust-length. Local Identifier: 111-SC-101021. National Archives Identifier: 531116.

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129. Brown, John; bust-length. Engraving from daguerreotype, ca. 1856. National Archives Identifier: 531116, Local Identifier: 111-SC-101021.

130. Douglass, Frederick; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 558770, Local Identifier: 200-FL-22.

131. Garrison, William Lloyd; three-quarter-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 530489, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1088.

132. Greeley, Horace; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 527435, Local Identifier: 111-B-3251.

Artists and Authors

133. Brady, Mathew B., photographer; full-length seated. National Archives Identifier: 525281, Local Identifier: 111-B-1074.

134. Brumidi, Constantino, artist who painted murals and frescoes in the Capitol; three-quarter-length, standing, holding brush and palette. National Archives Identifier: 527952, Local Identifier: 111-B-3791.

135. Bryant, William Cullen, poet and editor of the New York Evening Post; full-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 526948, Local Identifier: 111-B-2764.

136. Stowe, Harriet Beecher, author of Uncle Tom's Cabin; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 535784, Local Identifier:  208-N-25004.

137. Whitman, Walt, poet; half-length, seated, wearing hat. National Archives Identifier: 525875, Local Identifier: 111-B-1672.

Confederate Army Officers

138. Beauregard, Gen. Pierre; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 525441, Local Identifier: 111-B-1233.

139. Breckenridge, Lt. Gen. John C.; bust-length. National Archives Identifier: 530491, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1215.

140. Gordon, Maj. Gen. John B.; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 525987, Local Identifier: 111-B-1786.

141. Hill, Lt. Gen. Ambrose P.; bust-length. National Archives Identifier: 530490, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1190.

142. Hood, Gen. John B.; bust-length, in civilian clothes. National Archives Identifier: 529378, Local Identifier: 111-B-5274.

143. Jackson, Lt. Gen. Thomas Jonathan ("Stonewall"); bust-length, April 1863. Photographed by George W Minnes. National Archives Identifier: 526067, Local Identifier:  111-B-1867.

144. Johnston, Gen. Joseph E.; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 525983, Local Identifier: 111-B-1782.

145. Lee, Gen. Robert E.; full-length, standing, April 1865. Photographed by Mathew B. Brady. National Archives Identifier: 525769, Local Identifier: 111-B-1564.

146. Longstreet, Lt. Gen. James; half-length, in civilian clothes. National Archives Identifier: 526224, Local Identifier: 111-B-2028.

147. Mahone, Maj. Gen. William; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 529228, Local Identifier: 111-B-5123.

148. Mosby, Col. John Singleton; bust-length. National Archives Identifier: 530499, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1709.

149. Stuart, Brig. Gen. James Ewell Brown ("Jeb"); three-quarter-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 518135, Local Identifier: 64-M-9.

Confederate Officials

150. Benjamin, Judah P., Secretary of State; three- quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 526652, Local Identifier: 111-B-2458.

151. Davis, Jefferson, President; three-quarter-length, standing. Photographed by Mathew B. Brady before the war. National Archives Identifier: 528293, Local Identifier: 111-B-4146.

152. Mallory, Stephen R., Secretary of the Navy; three- quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 528705, Local Identifier: 111-B-4583.

153. Stephens, Alexander H., Vice President; three- quarter-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 528288, Local Identifier: 111-B-4141.

154. Mason, James M., Envoy to England; three quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 529268, Local Identifier: 111-B-5163.

155. Seddon, James A., Secretary of War; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 530492, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1224.

Enlisted Men

Enlarge

Kingin, Pvt. Emory Eugene. Local Identifier: 111-B-5348. National Archives Identifier: 529450.

View in National Archives Catalog

156. Arnold, D. W. C., private in the Union Army. National Archives Identifier: 529535, Local Identifier: 111-B-5435.

157. Kingin, Pvt. Emory Eugene, 4th Michigan Infantry; standing, full-length, leaning against a tree and wearing a plaid shirt. National Archives Identifier: 529450, Local Identifier: 111-B-5348.

158. Marbury, Gilbert A., drummer, Company H, 22d New York Infantry; posing with drum. National Archives Identifier: 529594, Local Identifier: 111-B-5497.

159. Ruffin, Pvt. Edmund, Confederate soldier who fired the first shot against Fort Sumter; full-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 530493, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1226.

Federal Army Officers

160. Anderson, Maj. Robert, defender of Fort Sumter; full-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 528328, Local Identifier: 111-B-4183.

161. Burnside, Maj. Gen. Ambrose E.; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 527863, Local Identifier: 111-B-3698.

162. Butler, Maj. Gen. Benjamin F.; three-quarterlength. National Archives Identifier: 528659, Local Identifier: 111-B-4533.

163. Custer, Maj. Gen. George A.; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 558719, Local Identifier: 200S-CA-10.

164. Grant, Lt. Gen. Ulysses S.; three-quarter-length, standing. Photographed by Mathew B. Brady. National Archives Identifier: 558720, Local Identifier: 200-CA-38.

165. Halleck, Maj. Gen. Henry W. ("Old Brains"); three- quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 526731, Local Identifier: 111-B-2541.

166. Hancock, Maj. Gen. Winfield S.; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 529369, Local Identifier: 111-B-5265.

167. Hooker, Maj. Gen. Joseph ("Fighting Joe"); full-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 526959, Local Identifier: 111-B-2775.

168. McClellan, Maj. Gen. George B.; three-quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 528744, Local Identifier: 111-B-4624.

169. McDowell, Maj. Gen. Irvin; three-quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 527993, Local Identifier: 111-B-3834.

170. Meade, Maj. Gen. George G.; half-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 527851, Local Identifier: 111-B-3685.

171. Pope, Brig. Gen. John; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 527743, Local Identifier: 111-B-3569.

172. Rawlins, Brig. Gen. John A.; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 528564, Local Identifier: 111-B-4435.

173. Rosecrans, Maj. Gen. William S.; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 527814, Local Identifier: 111-B-3646.

174. Scott, Lt. Gen. Winfield ("Old Fuss and Feathers"); half-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 528333, Local Identifier: 111-B-4188.

175. Sheridan, Maj. Gen. Philip H.; three-quarter-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 526708, Local Identifier: 111-B-2520.

176. Sherman, Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 525970, Local Identifier: 111-B-1769.

177. Thomas, Maj. Gen. George H.; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 528908, Local Identifier: 111-B-4795.

Federal Navy Officers

178. Dahlgren, Rear Adm. John A. B.; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 528718, Local Identifier: 111-B-4595.

179. Farragut, Rear Adm. David G.; three-quarter-length. National Archives Identifier: 529975, Local Identifier: 111-B-5889.

180. Foote, Rear Adm. Andrew H.; three-quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 528018, Local Identifier: 111-B-3860.

181. Porter, Rear Adm. David D.; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 528608, Local Identifier: 111-B-4480.

Foreign Diplomats

182. Bruce, Sir Frederick, British Minister to the United States from March 1865; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 525715, Local Identifier: 111-B-1510.

183. Lyons, Lord Richard B.P., British Minister to the United States from December 1858 to February 1865; full-length, seated. Photographed by Mathew B. Brady. National Archives Identifier: 533231, Local Identifier: 165-JT-185.

184. Romero, Senior Don Matias. Envoy of the Republic of Mexico, 1863; three-quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 525436, Local Identifier: 111-B-1228.

U.S. Government Officials

185. Chase, Salmon P., Secretary of the Treasury; three- quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 528414, Local Identifier: 111-B-4270.

186. Douglas, Stephen A., Senator from Illinois; three- quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 526540, Local Identifier: 111-B-2346.

187. Johnson, Andrew, Vice President and President; three-quarter-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 528284, Local Identifier: 111-B-4138.

188. Lincoln, Abraham; three-quarter-length, standing, ca. 1863. Photographed by Mathew B. Brady. National Archives Identifier: 527823, Local Identifier: 111-B-3656.

189. Seward, William H., Secretary of State; bust profile. National Archives Identifier: 528347, Local Identifier: 111-B-4204.

190. Stanton, Edwin M., Secretary of War; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 528682, Local Identifier: 111-B-4559.

191. Stevens, Thaddeus. Representative from Pennsylvania; half-length. National Archives Identifier: 525291, Local Identifier: 111-B-1084.

192. Sumner, Charles, Senator from Massachusetts; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 530021, Local Identifier: 111-B-5937.

193. Welles, Gideon, Secretary of the Navy; half-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 525398, Local Identifier: 111-B-1189.

Women

Miss Clara Barton. Local Identifier: 111-B-1857. National Archives Identifier: 526057.

View in National Archives Catalog

194. Barton, Clara; three-quarter-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 526057, Local Identifier: 111-B-1857.

195. Joseph, Sister M.M. of the Sisters of Mercy. She and others of her order served in a military hospital at Beaufort, N.C.; full-length, seated. National Archives Identifier: 525814, Local Identifier: 111-B-1609.

196. Lincoln, Mary Todd; full-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 529952, Local Identifier: 111-B-5864.

197. Tippee, Mary, sutler with Collis Zouaves (114th Pennsylvania); full-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 520202, Local Identifier;  79-T-2148.

Lincoln's Assassination

198. Booth, John Wilkes; half-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 518136, Local Identifier: 64-M-19.

199. Corbett, Sgt. Boston, the man who claimed he shot John Wilkes Booth; three-quarter-length, seated at a table. National Archives Identifier: 526515, Local Identifier: 111-B-2321.

200. Payne, Lewis, the conspirator who attacked Secretary Seward; three-quarter-length, standing. National Archives Identifier: 530498, Local Identifier: 111-BA-1653.

201. Execution of the four persons condemned as conspirators (Mary E. Surratt, Lewis T. Powell, David E. Herold, and George A. Atzerodt), July 7,1865. Photographed by Alexander Gardner. National Archives Identifier: 530503, Local Identifier: 111-BA-2034.

202. Box in Ford's Theater where Lincoln was assassinated, 1865. National Archives Identifier: 559275, Local Identifier: 200-CC-3404.

203. Bridge across the "Eastern Branch" to Anacostia, Washington, D.C., 1862. John Wilkes Booth and David Herold escaped over this bridge. National Archives Identifier: 524762, Local Identifier: 111-B-343.

Index to Photographers

Barnard, George N., 15, 27, 59, 61, 68, 83, 88, 89, 91, 103, 104, 108, 113, 114
Brady, Mathew B., 40, 145, 151, 164, 183, 188
Cooley, Samuel A., 42, 62
Edwards, J. D., 58
Edwards, W O., 58
Fox, Egbert Guy, 55
Gardner, Alexander, 17, 21, 73, 93, 98, 201
Gardner, James, 41, 49, 110
Gibson, James F, 15, 59, 88, 89, 91
Knox, David, 60
Minnes, George W., 143
O'Sullivan, Timothy H., 18, 23, 75, 76, 95, 97, 99, 109, 111
Pywell, William R., 124
Riddle, A. J., 72
Russell, Capt. Andrew J., 79, 96
Seibert, Samuel Rush, 56, 63