Using Cross-references

1. Use cross-references sparingly and carefully.

Too many cross-references can make a provision difficult to read and understand. Include a cross-reference only when it is essential to the meaning of the provision, or limits, or makes an exception to the provision.

2. Make a cross-reference a reader's aid.

If you find it necessary to include a cross-reference, cite the specific section designation. After the section designation, if the surrounding text lacks context, include a brief description of the subject matter, so the reader won't be forced to turn to the provision to see what it's about.

3. Only cross-reference your (or your parent agency's) regulations.

You may cross-reference the regulations of another Federal agency only if the OFR finds that the reference meets one of the following conditions (1 CFR 21.21):

• The reference is required by court order, statute, Executive order or reorganization plan.
• The reference is to regulations promulgated by a Federal agency with the exclusive legal authority to regulate in a subject matter area, but the referencing Federal agency needs to apply those regulations in its own programs.
• The reference is informational or improves clarity rather than being regulatory.
• The reference is to test methods or consensus standards produced by a Federal agency that have replaced or preempted private or voluntary test methods or consensus standards in a subject matter area.
• The reference is to the department level from a subagency.

If you are permitted to cross-reference another Federal agency's regulations, your agency's regulations may not modify the referenced regulations . If any modifications need to be made, your agency must publish the regulations in full text .